摘要
为探讨石漠化皆伐迹地物种多样性及掌握群落的动态变化特征,运用定时定位的方法,跟踪监测皆伐迹地植物的生长过程。结果表明:⑴迹地的物种多样性呈现不同的变化特征:(1)水平方向上。乔、灌层的物种多样性指数和乔、灌、草三层的群落均匀度指数随更新进程呈上升趋势,草本层的物种多样性指数却呈下降趋势;(2)垂直方向上。物种多样性指数变化为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,群落均匀度指数为灌木层>草本层>乔木层。⑵迹地上乔木层物种种类增加,灌木层、草本层物种的种类减少;⑶迹地以伐前物种为主,伴有入侵种产生,但大部分物种逐渐减少至消失,包括伐前的优势种,同时也出现稳定更新的物种,如圆果化香、鼠李属,因而形成以光皮桦、花椒、铁线莲为优势种的群落空间结构;⑷迹地上的云南鼠刺和栎属类物种选择以树桩萌蘖的繁殖方式来维持在群落中的生态位。
In order to explore the species diversity and dynamic characteristics of population in the clear-cutting area of karst rocky desertification,we monitored the growing process of plants in a clear-cutting area periodically.The results are as follows. The species diversity showed different characteristics from different aspects： horizontally,the species diversity index of the tree layer and the shrub layer,and the community evenness index of the tree layer,the shrub layer and the herb layer showed an increasing trend with time going by,while the species diversity index of the herb layer decreased; vertically,the species diversity index ranked in the order of shrub layer tree layer herb layer,and the community evenness index ranked in the order of shrub layer herb layer tree layer. The number of species in the tree layer increased,while the number of species in the shrub layer and the herb layer decreased. The species in the area were mainly original species before the clear cutting,but invasive species were also observed. Most of the species gradually disappeared,including the dominant species before the clear cutting. Meanwhile,some new stable species appeared,such as Platycarya longipes and Rhamnus,thus forming a community structure with Betula luminifera,Zanthoxylum and Clematis as the dominant species. Itea yunnanensis and Quercus species kept their niche in the community by stump sprouting.
作者
刘娟
周运超
蔡先立
李会
石燕京
LIU juan;ZHOU Yunchao;CAI Xianli;LI Hui;SHI Yanjing(Research Center of Forest Resources ＆ Environment,Guizhou University,Guiyng 550025,China;College of Forest-ry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Puding Karst Ecosystem Research Station,Anshun 561000,China)
出处
《贵州科学》
2018年第5期66-73,共8页
Guizhou Science
基金
国家重大科学研究计划项目(2013CB956702)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合JZ字[2014]200203)
贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目(黔科合人才[2015]4022)
贵州省科研机构服务企业行动计划(黔科合服企[2015]4013号)
关键词
石漠化
皆伐
植被恢复
物种多样性
种群
动态
rocky desertification
clear cutting
vegetation restoration
species diversity
population
dynamic
