摘要
目的探讨早期气管切开术在颅脑外伤与脑出血治疗中的价值。方法选取2016年1月～2018年1月我院收治的90例颅脑外伤和脑出血患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与参考组,各45例。两组均接受颅内血肿清除术治疗,观察组行早期气管切开术,参考组行常规气管切开术,观察两组治疗效果、残疾分级评分(DRS)、日常生活能力量表评分(ADL)及并发症发生情况。结果观察组治疗总有效率高于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后肺部感染、高碳酸血症等并发症发生率低于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组平均住院时间、患者残疾分级评分(DRS)均低于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者日常生活能力量表评分高于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期气管切开术治疗颅脑外伤与脑出血可降低肺部感染、高碳酸血症等并发症发生率,缩短患者住院时间,有助于降低死亡率及残疾率,提高患者术后生活能力。
Objective To investigate the value of early tracheotomy in the treatment of craniocerebral trauma and cerebral hemorrhage.Methods 90 patients with craniocerebral trauma and cerebral hemorrhage admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January2018 were enrolled in the study.According to the randomized table method,they were divided into observation group and referencegroup,45 cases each.Both groups underwent intracranial hematoma evacuation.The observation group underwent early tracheotomy.The reference group underwent conventional tracheotomy.The treatment outcomes,disability grading score（DRS）,and daily living abilityscale score （ADL）were observed and the occurrence of complications.Results The total effective rate of the observation group washigher than that of the reference group,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0.05）.The incidence of postoperative pulmonaryinfection and hypercapnia was lower in the observation group than in the reference group,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0.05）;the average hospitalization time and the patient disability grading score （DRS）in the observation group were lower than thereference group,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0.05）;the observation group daily life ability scale score was higher thanthe reference group,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0.05）.Conclusion Early tracheotomy for craniocerebral trauma andcerebral hemorrhage can reduce the incidence of complications such as pulmonary infection and hypercapnia,shorten the length ofhospital stay,help reduce mortality and disability,and improve the postoperative ability of patients.
作者
赵文斌
张银善
张大春
赵志英
马大程
ZHAO Wen-bin,ZHANG Yin-shan,ZHANG Da-chun,ZHAO Zhi-ying,MA Da-cheng(Beijing Red Cross Emergency Rescue Center,Beijing 100000,Chin)
出处
《医学信息》
2018年第18期80-82,共3页
Journal of Medical Information
关键词
早期气管切开术
颅脑外伤
脑出血
Early tracheotomy
Craniocerebral trauma
Cerebral hemorrhage
