摘要
根据沙尘粒子的辐射传输特性和空间分布特征,利用气象卫星资料能够有效监测沙尘天气发生的时间、范围和强度等,并可计算出相关的定量信息。监测方法一般包括基于卫星波段特征的监测方法和基于卫星云图目视解译的监测方法。利用卫星监测分析与遥感应用系统(Satellite Monitoring Analysis Remote-sensing Toolkit,SMART)的沙尘监测模块可以对沙尘监测结果进行年度统计。统计数据显示,沙尘天气高发区域有三个,即新疆地区,内蒙古西部、河西走廊地区,以及内蒙古中东部、东北、华北地区;2007年、2010年、2012年和2015年的卫星监测沙尘累计覆盖面积较大,达到500万平方公里以上。新一代静止气象卫星——FY--4A卫星在沙尘监测方面突显出了巨大潜力,这将有利于沙尘天气的云图目视解译。
A ccording to the radiative transfer characteristics and spatial distribution characteristics of dust particles, the occurrence, scope and strength of dust weather can be monitored effectively by using meteorological satellite data, and the quantitative information can be calculated. Generally, monitoring methods include the monitoring method based on the characteristics of satellite bands and the monitoring method based on satellite image visual interpretation. The dust monitoring module of the Satellite Monitoring Analysis and Remote Sensing Application Toolkit （SMART） can be used to achieve the annual statistics of dust monitoring results. The statistical data show that there are three high frequency dust weather areas which are xinjiang region; western Inner Mongolia and hexi corridor region; central and eastern Inner Mongolia, northeast and north China region. The cumulative coverage of dust areas monitored by satellite in 2007, 2010, 2012 and 2015 is larger, reaching over 5 million square kilometers. FY-4A, one of the new generation of stationary meteorological satellites, has exhibited its huge potential in dust monitoring. This will be beneficial to satellite image interpretation of dust weather.
作者
刘清华
Liu Qing-hua(National Satellite Meteorological Center,Beij ing 100081)
出处
《红外》
CAS
2018年第10期33-39,共7页
Infrared
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0600101)
气象局行业专项(GYHY201406001)
关键词
气象卫星
沙尘天气监测
定量统计分析
FY-4A
云图目视解译
meteorological satellite
dust monitoring
quantitative analysis
FY- -4A
satellite image interpretation
