摘要
黄河源区主要发育台地型高位沼泽、扇前缘型低位沼泽、山前坡麓型和山间带状河谷平原型复合沼泽。除其它原因外,新构造隆升与河流溯源侵蚀、多年冻土退化、水资源减少是导致沼泽退化的主要原因。通过分析退化沼泽的水文—水文地质过程,针对沼泽退化严重、基本丧失自我恢复功能等特点,根据现代水工学和生态水工学理论,提出＂提高侵蚀基准面,控制水文网下切侵蚀,合理利用水资源,截取过境弃水补给含水层,遏制冻结层上水水位下降＂的基本思路,建议采取合理调配水资源、建设地下水人工补给场、修筑地下截流暗坝和降雨面流集水等工程技术,恢复退化沼泽。
The source regions of the Yellow River develop the tableland high swamp, fan front low moor, piedmont slope range and intermountain zonal valley plain composite marshes. Among other reasons, neotectonic uplift and headward erosion, permafrost degradation, and water resource reduction were the main causes of degradation of the wetlands. In view of the serious degradation of the wetlands and basically lost their self-recovery functions, the basic ideas of improving the erosion base level, controlling the erosion of hydrological network, making rational use of water resources, intercepting the abandoned water supply, and curbing the water level drop on the frozen layer, were put forward based on the modern hydraulic engineering and eco-hydraulic engineering theory and by analyzing the hydrological and geological processes of degradation of the wetlands. Adopt appropriate engineering techniques to restore degraded wetlands regulation were recommend,such as rational allocation of water resources, construction of groundwater artificial recharge fields, construction of underground intercepting underwater dam and rainfall surface catchment.
作者
李其江
张杨
付雷
李永国
李甫成
李胜涛
贾小丰
杨涛
张林友
冯庆达
LI Qijiang;ZHANG Yang;FU Lei;LI Yongguo;LI Fucheng;LI Shengtao;JIA Xiaofeng;YANG Tao;ZHANG Linyou;FENG Qingda(Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Qinghai Province,Xining 810001,Qinghai,P.R.China;Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey,Baoding 071051,Hebei,P.R.China;Qinghai Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineeringgeology and Environmentalgeology,X ining 810008,Qinghai,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期466-471,共6页
Wetland Science
基金
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20160192、DD20179033和DD20179621)资助
关键词
沼泽
退化
多年冻土
含水层补给
恢复
调控
黄河源区
mire
degradation
permafrost
aquifer recharge
recovery
control
the source regions of the Yellow River
