摘要
目的 探讨孕妇保健操对初产妇分娩结局的影响.方法 选择2016年2月至2017年5月在我院定期产检无阴道分娩禁忌证并决定在我院分娩的初产妇260人,所有孕妇均无相关家族史、精神病史、流产史,产前体质指数（BMI）正常,且无妊娠合并症和并发症.根据是否自愿进行孕妇保健操,将未做操的人设为对照组130人,自愿练习并坚持每日做操的人设为观察组130人.对照组常规产检和孕期保健,观察组在对照组的基础上孕28周起自愿接受孕妇保健操学习并坚持每天练习直到临产.观察并比较两组分娩方式、会阴损伤、孕期体重增长、分娩BMI及巨大胎儿发生的情况.采用χ2检验对比两组初产妇的分娩方式和会阴撕裂伤情况,采用t检验对比两组初产妇孕期体重增长、分娩BMI和巨大胎儿发生率.结果 对照组阴道分娩（自然分娩加助产分娩）79人（63.7%）,医学因素剖宫产36人（29.0%）,观察组阴道分娩（自然分娩加助产分娩）99人（79.2%）,医学因素剖宫产22人（17.6%）,观察组自然分娩率高于对照组（χ2=7.214）,医学因素剖宫产率低于对照组（χ2=4.553）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.对照组会阴撕裂伤总计79人,其中Ⅰ度会阴撕裂伤4人（5.1%）,Ⅱ度会阴撕裂伤52人（65.8%）,会阴侧切23人（29.1%）;观察组会阴撕裂伤总计99人,其中Ⅰ度撕裂伤33人（33.3%）,Ⅱ度会阴撕裂伤50人（50.5%）,会阴侧切16人（16.2%）,观察组Ⅰ度会阴撕裂伤显著高于对照组（χ2=21.326）,会阴侧切率低于对照组（χ2=4.308）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.对照组孕期体重增长（15.9±7.2）kg,分娩BMI（27.2±3.7）kg/m^2,巨大胎儿10人（8.1%）,观察组孕期体重增长（13.6±10.6）kg,分娩BMI（25.5±3.2）kg/m^2,巨大胎儿3人（2.4%）,观察组孕期体重增长、分娩BMI和巨大胎儿发生率低于对照组（t=-2.001、-3.879,χ2=4.036）,差异均有统计学意�
Objective To explore the effect of the practice of healthy gymnastics by pregnant woman on the outcome of their primipara delivery. Methods A total of 260 primiparas with no contraindications of vaginal delivery were selected from February 2016 to May 2017 from our hospital. None of the women had any family history of mental illness or miscarriage, and their prenatal body mass index （BMI） was normal with no complications during pregnancy. According to their choice （to practice gymnastics or not）, 130 women who did not do gymnastics were assigned to the control group, and 130 women who practiced gymnastics were assigned to the observation group. The control group had routine examinations and health care check-up during pregnancy, while the observation group practiced gymnastics from the 28th week until delivery. Delivery modes, perineal lacerations, bodyweight gain, delivery BMI, and macrosomia incidence of the two groups were compared. Delivery modes and perineal lacerations were compared with χ2 test, and bodyweight gain, delivery BMI, and macrosomia incidence, were compared with t-tests between the two groups. Results In the control group, there were 79 women （63.7%） with vaginal delivery （natural delivery with midwifery delivery） and 36 caesarean deliveries for medical factors （29%）; in the observation group, there were 99 vaginal deliveries （79.2%） and 22 caesarean deliveries for medical factors （17.6%）. The percentage of natural delivery was higher （χ2=7.214） while the percentage of cesarean deliveries for medical factors was lower in the observation group （χ2=4.553）; the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. In the control group, there were 79 perineal lacerations, of which 4 were grade Ⅰ （5.1%）, 52 were grade Ⅱ （65.8%）, and 23 had a perineal side incision （29.1%）; in the observation group, there were 99 perineal lacerations, of which 33 were grade Ⅰ （33.3%）, 50 were grade Ⅱ （50.5%）, and 16 had a perineal side incision �
作者
施展宏
吴蓓
胡显玲
Shi Zhanhong;Wu Bei;Hu Xianling(Maternal and Child Health Care Center,Wenzhou Central Hospital,Wenzhou 325000,China;Nursing Department,Wenzhou Central Hospital,Wenzhou 325000,China;Editorial Department of Wenzhou Medicine,Wenzhou 325000,China)
出处
《中华健康管理学杂志》
CAS
2018年第4期339-343,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Management
基金
温州市科技局立项课题（Y20140336）
关键词
孕妇
体操
会阴
撕裂伤
体质指数
巨大胎儿
Pregnant women
Gymnastics
Perineum
Lacerations
Body mass index
Fetal macrosomia
