摘要
大鱼小池塘效应是指拔尖学生在平均成绩较高的学校或班级里,信心、自我评价较低,而在平均成绩较低的学校或班级则信心、自我评价较高的现象。国内外研究者分别从班级、学校和跨文化等不同层面上证实了该效应的存在,一定程度上揭示了该效应发生的条件和机制。然而还存在一些争议和问题,比如大鱼小池塘效应是短期效应还是长期效应,社会比较是主动发生还是外界强加的,对比效应和荣誉效应的竞争问题等等。未来研究需要针对这些争议和问题开展大量的实证性研究。在普通班开展超常教育、发挥教师的引导作用、构建多元的评价体系等可作为规避大鱼小池塘效应的思路应用于目前的拔尖人才培养实践。
The big-fish-in-little-pond effect （BFLPE） means that top students have lower confidence and low self-evaluation in schools or classes with higher average scores, while have higher confidence and higher self-evaluation in schools or classes with lower average scores. Researchers at home and abroad have confirmed the existence of this effect from different levels such as class, school and cross-culture, and revealed the conditions and mechanism of this effect to some extent. However, there are still some controversies and problems. For example, whether the big-fish-in-little-pond effect is a short-term effect or a long-term effect, whether the social comparison is an active action or an imposed action, and the competition problems of contrast effects and honor effects, etc. The future research needs to carry out a lot of empirical research on these disputes and problems. So carrying out extra education in ordinary class, giving play to the guiding role of teachers, and building a diversified evaluation system can be used as a way to avoid the big-fish-in-little-pond effect in the current practice of top talent training.
作者
于海琴
陈亮亮
YU Hai-qin;CHEN Liang-liang(Institute of Educational Science,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《青岛科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2018年第3期100-105,共6页
Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金(教育学)一般课题(BIA130079)
关键词
大鱼小池塘效应
学业自我概念
学业成绩
社会比较
the big-fish-in-little-pond effect
academic self-concept
academic achievement
social comparison
