摘要
目的了解金山区居民脑卒中高危人群危险因素分布情况,为特异性预防提供科学依据。方法 2016年9月采取随机整群抽样的方法抽取金山区某社区35岁以上户籍居民2 102人,问卷调查其一般情况、疾病既往史、疾病行为和危险因素信息等信息,测量身高、体重、血压等。采用SPSS 17.0软件分析高危人群检出率、危险因素暴露率等指标。结果检出高危人群669人,检出率31.83%,其中有短暂性脑缺血发作史者或者卒中史者90人(检出率4.28%),脑卒中危险因素≥3项者579人(检出率27.55%)。男性检出率(38.27%)高于女性(27.32%)(χ~2=28.09,P<0.001)。随着年龄的增长,高危人群检出率逐渐增高(χ~2_(趋势)=41.46,P<0.001)。在579名危险因素≥3的高危人群中,同时有3种和4种危险因素共计502例,所占比例达到86.70%。高危人群危险因素的暴露率依次是高血压(90.33%)、血脂异常(64.59%)、超重(48.53%)、缺乏运动(39.38%)、糖尿病(39.03%)、吸烟(34.72%)、卒中家族史(25.04%)以及房颤(13.82%),其中男性的吸烟率(65.42%)高于女性(2.82%)(χ~2=250.25,P<0.001),女性的血脂异常率(69.01%)、房颤率(17.25%)高于男性(血脂异常60.34%、房颤10.85%)(血脂χ~2=4.76,P=0.029;房颤χ~2=4.94,P=0.026)。高血压(χ~2=0.17,P=0.680)、超重(χ~2=0.74,P=0.390)、缺乏运动(χ~2=0.10,P=0.755)、糖尿病(χ~2=1.93,P=0.165)、卒中家族史(χ~2=3.59,P=0.058)的暴露率男女比较差异无统计学意义。结论金山区居民脑卒中高危人群危险因素暴露率较高,应采取有效措施控制高血压、血脂异常以及超重。
Objective To investigate the distribution of risk factors in population at high risk for stroke among residents in Jinshan District so as to provide a scientific basis for its specific prevention.MethodsA random cluster sampling method was used to select 2,102 permanent residents aged 35 years and above in a community in Jinshan District in September,2016.General information,past medical history,illness behavior and risk factors were collected through a questionnaire survey;meanwhile,height,weight and blood pressure were measured.The detection rate of high risk population and the exposure rate of risk factors were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software.Results Six hundred and sixty-nine（31.83%）residents at high risk for stroke were detected,including 90（4.28%）residents with transient ischemic attack or stroke history and 579（27.55%）residents with≥3 risk factors.The high risk detection rate was higher in males than in females（38.27%vs.27.32%,χ^2=28.09,P0.001）.The high risk detection rate gradually increased with the increasing age（χ^2=endency=41.46,P〈0.001）.Among 579 residents with≥3 risk factors,502（86.70%）residents had 3 or 4 risk factors simultaneously.The exposure rates of risk factors in the high risk residents were hypertension（90.33%）,dyslipidemia（64.59%）,overweight（48.53%）,lack of exercise（39.38%）,diabetes mellitus（39.03%）,cigarette smoking（34.72%）,family history of stroke（25.04%）and atrial fibrillation（13.82%）.The exposure rate of cigarette smoking was significantly higher in males than in females（65.42%vs.2.82%,χ^2=250.25,P0.001）,while the exposure rates of dyslipidemia and atrial fibrillation were higher in females than in males（69.01%vs.60.34%,χ^2=4.76,P=0.029;17.25%vs.10.85%,χ^2=4.94,P=0.026）.No statistically significant differences were found in the exposure rates of hypertension（χ^2=0.17,P=0.680）,overweight（χ^2=0.74,P=0.390）,lack of exercise（χ^2=0.10,P=0.755）,diabetes mellitus（χ^2=1.93,P=0.165）and family history
作者
陈德喜
陈磊
朱晓云
CHEN De-xi;CHEN Lei;ZHU Xiao-yun(Departm.ent of Chronic Disease Prevention,Jinshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201599,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2018年第10期1180-1183,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
上海市金山区卫生计生委科研课题(No.JSKJ-KTMS-2014-03)
