摘要
《坤》是《周易》的第二名卦,地位仅次于《乾》卦,《坤》配《乾》,一天一地、一阳一阴,"阴阳合德,刚柔有体",是天下万物的祖宗。但是,乾健、坤顺,乾君坤臣,乾主坤从。《坤》必须尊守"承天而时行"的阴道。若有违背,逆天而行,则会引发祸患。因之,《坤》自有生以来,就有顺逆两重性。顺天时"坤厚载物,德合无疆,含弘光大,品物咸亨"。这是《坤》卦的大德,也是它思想的主流。但《坤》阴之气一旦随顺自己的阴柔之性,失去管束,即"阳"未能防微杜渐,忽视了阴的随顺性,使之一步步走向了积不善之路,小恶则有悔吝之灾,大恶会积之不悛,走上弑君、弑父之路。更有甚者,盛阴敢于敌阳,而与阳战,导致乾天、坤地双双受伤。所以,研究《坤》卦必首先认识《坤卦》的这种两重性,否则不懂《坤卦》。
Kun is the second Gua of Zhou Yi,its status is just after Qian Gua. Kun Gua is cooperate with QianGua. One represents the sky,the other respects the earth. One represents Yang,the other represents Yin. Yin andYang conform to the moralities,strength and softness conform to the bodies. They are all things’ ancestor. ButQian is the king and the Kun is the secretary,Qian is primary and Kun is secondary. Kun must follow the lawsand nature,otherwise it causes the evil. Kun has the duality of goodness and evil from birth. If it follows the lawsand nature,Kun can bear all things,the virtue can be boundless. Kun can contain everything,everything followsthe laws and nature. This is Kun’s virtue,also the mainstream of the thought. But if Kun’s breath of Yin followsits softness,losing the constraint,that the Yang can’t guard against the Yin,it will go to the evil step by step. Itwill kill the king and father seriously. Even worse,the strong Yin dare to be hostile to Yang,and going to war a-gainst Yang,it will cause Qian-sky and Kun-earth injured.
作者
陈恩林
Chen Enlin(Institute of Ancient Books,Jilin University,Changchun 132013,China)
出处
《北华大学学报（社会科学版）》
2018年第5期28-37,共10页
Journal of Beihua University(Social Sciences)
关键词
《周易》
《坤》
积善
积恶
两重性
Zhou Yi
Kun
Cumulative goodness
Cumulative evil
Duality
