摘要
以7种抗性强的新疆野生蔷薇为母本,21个现代品种月季和1个紫枝玫瑰为父本,采用常规人工授粉杂交方法,研究了73个杂交组合,人工授粉花朵数1 900朵,获得杂交果实73个,杂交种子1 146粒,杂交实生苗323株,以期统计杂交结实率及杂交种子出苗率,探讨新疆野生蔷薇与现代品种月季远缘杂交亲和性。结果表明:73个杂交组合中,有29个组合获得了杂交果实,伊犁蔷薇(Rosa ilicnsis)、大花密刺蔷薇(Rosa spinosissima L.var.altaica)、托木尔蔷薇(Rosa laxa var.tomurensis)、疏花蔷薇(Rosa laxa Retz.)作为母本与现代品种月季杂交结实率高,亲和性表现好;不同的杂交组合亲和性各异,并无明显规律,亲和性表现最好的组合是:伊犁蔷薇×"爱";亲和性表现次之的组合是:大花密刺蔷薇×"希腊之乡";亲和性表现良好的组合有:大果蔷薇×"北京红"、伊犁蔷薇×"卡道尔"、伊犁蔷薇×"香欢喜"、伊犁蔷薇×"北京红"、伊犁蔷薇×紫枝玫瑰、大花密刺蔷薇×"金玛丽"、大花密刺蔷薇×"曼海木"、大花密刺蔷薇×"粉扇"、大花密刺蔷薇×"北京红"等,这些组合杂交结实率不低于10%;从父本品种月季类型进行分析,与7个新疆野生蔷薇为母本的亲和性强弱表现为丰花月季>大花月季>杂种香水月季>树状月季;作为杂交母本的疏花蔷薇(Rosa laxa Retz.)、伊犁蔷薇(Rosa ilicnsis)和托木尔蔷薇(Rosa laxa var.tomurensis)与不同月季品种作为父本杂交获得的杂交种子的出苗率明显优于杂交母本大果蔷薇(Rosa albertii Reg.)和大花密刺蔷薇(Rosa spinosissima L.var.altaica)的杂交种子的出苗率。说明选用的7种新疆野生蔷薇中疏花蔷薇(Rosa laxa Retz.)、伊犁蔷薇(Rosa ilicnsis)和托木尔蔷薇(Rosa laxa var.tomurensis)更适合做杂交母本。
With seven kinds of strong resistance of Xinjiang wild rose as the female parent,21 varieties of modern Chinese rose and 1 Rosa rugosa Thunb as the male parent.In this experiment,it adopted the conventional artificial pollination hybrid methods,73 hybrid combinations were designed,and 1 900 artificial pollination flowers were made,and 73 hybrid seeds and 1 146 hybrid seeds were obtained,and323 seedlings were bred.The seed setting rate and seedling emergence rate of hybrid seeds were calculated,compatibility of interspecific crossing between Xinjiang wild rose and modern rose cultivars were studied.The results showed that 73 hybrid combinations,there were 29 combination hybrid fruit,Rosa ilicnsis,Rosa spinosissima L.var.altaica,Rosa laxa var.tomurensis,Rosa laxa Retz.as female parent and modern Chinese rose varieties seed setting rate was high,the affinity good performance;different combinations had different affinities,and there was no obvious rule.The best combination of affinity performance was Rosa ilicnsis× ‘Love＇;the combination of affinity performance was Rosa spinosissima L.var.altaicaבIncense of Greece＇;affinity had good combination Rosa albertii Reg.×Rosa‘Beijinghong＇,Rosa ilicnsis×Rosa‘Kadoyle＇,Rosa ilicnsisבPerfume Delight＇,Rosa ilicnsis×Rosa‘Beijinghong＇,Rosa ilicnsis×Rosa rugosa Thunb,Rosa spinosissima L.var.altaica×R.cv.‘Goldmarie＇,Rosa spinosissima L.var.altaica ×Schloss mannheim,Rosa spinosissima L.var.altaica×Rosa‘Fenshan＇,Rosa spinosissima L.var.altaica×Rosa ‘Beijinghong＇,etc.,these combined hybrid seed setting rate of no less than 10%;from the analysis of the type of paternal variety,the affinity strength of the seven wild rose in Xinjiang was the Floribunda Roses〉Big Flower Roses〉Hybrid Tea Roses〉Tree Roses.As the female parent of Rosa laxa Retz.,Rosa ilicnsis and Rosa laxa var.tomurensis with different Chinese rose as male parent varieties of hybrid seeds germination rate of female parent was obviously better than Rosa albertii Reg.and Ro
作者
杨逢玉
郑玉彬
郭润华
YANG Fengyu;ZHENG Yubin;GUO Runhua(Horticulture and Landscape College,Xiniiang Career Technical College,Kuitun,Xinjiang 83320)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第17期97-104,共8页
Northern Horticulture
基金
新疆应用职业技术学院科学研究重点资助项目(XYZY2015KZD004)
关键词
新疆野生蔷薇
现代月季品种
远缘杂交
杂交亲和性
出苗率
Xinjiang wild rose
modern rose cultivars
interspecific hybridization
cross-compatibility
seedling emergence rate
