摘要
主体教育管理观是一种发挥管理者和施教者的主体性,以利于培养受教育者主体性的教育观。与这种主体教育管理观相适应的人学基础是人本质的相对自由,而不是人本质上的绝对自由,现实性上的相对自由。以往的思想家很少直接论述人本质的绝对自由,他们或是从抽象的人的本性和抽象的存在论的角度去论述人的自由,或是以人本质的绝对自由为前提来论述人现实性上的相对自由。这些论述在方法论或理论上都存在这样或那样的问题。马克思主义唯物史观不仅从人的现实性上揭示了人本质是相对自由的,而且还深刻揭示了人相对自由发展的规律。人本质相对自由发展的规律,就要求在教育管理中,正确认识人本质的相对自由和教育组织发展的相对自由,正确处理好国家与教育系统,国家、地方和学校,国家、地方和学校与管理者、施教者主体性发挥之间的关系,在宏观和微观上采取恰当的措施,发挥好教育组织、管理者、施教者的主体性,以为教育现代化和社会现代化培养更多自觉能动的人才。
The goal of subjective educational administration view is to develop the managers and educators＇ subjectivity,which is beneficial to cultivating the educatees＇ subjective educational view.The basis of human science,which accommodates this subjective educational administration view,is the relative freedom of human nature,rather than the absolute freedom of human nature and the relative freedom in reality.Previous thinkers seldom discuss the absolute freedom of human nature directly,while they discuss human＇s freedom from the perspective of abstract human nature or ontology,or from the perspective that the essence of human is absolutely freedom,but is relative freedom in reality.These discussions have problems in methodology or theories.Marx historical materialism not only reveals that human nature is relatively freedom from human reality,but also profoundly reveals the rules of the development of human relative freedom.The rules of development in relative freedom of human nature require us to correctly understand the relative freedom of human nature and the relative freedom of the development of education organizations in the educational administration,to properly handle the relationship between nation and educational system,the relationship between the country,local region and school,and the relationship between the nation,local region and school and the administrators and educators＇ subjectivity,to take appropriate macro and micro measures to give full play to the subjectivity of educational organizations,administrators and educators so as to cultivate more conscious and active talents for the modernization of education and society.
作者
孙绵涛
李莎
Sun Miantao;Li Sha(Sun Miantao,Ph.D.in Philosophy,Director and distinguished professor of Research Institute of Educational Economics and Administration,Shenyang Normal University,＆ part-time doctoral supervisor of Liaoning Technical Universit;Li Sha,doctoral student of School of Business Administration,Liaoning Technical University ＆ Research Institute of Educational Economics and Administration,Shenyang Normal University（Shenyang 110034)
出处
《教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第7期24-30,共7页
Educational Research
关键词
主体教育管理观
人的本质
绝对自由
相对自由
subjective educational administration view
human nature
absolute freedom
relative freedom
