摘要
不断增加的大气氯离子（Cl^-）浓度正在成为影响陆地生态系统过程的全球环境变化因子,为了解气候变化敏感且观测困难的山区人工林对大气Cl^-的过滤效应,以川西亚高山粗枝云杉人工林为研究对象,监测分析2015年8月至2016年7月期间,大气降水（降雨和降雪）和穿透水中Cl^-的动态变化及林冠对其的截留作用.1年中共进行了33次大气降水的观测与采样,包括27次降雨和6次降雪.大气降水中Cl^-的平均浓度为1.33 mg/L,降雨中Cl^-的平均浓度为1.41 mg/L,降雪中Cl^-的平均浓度为0.98 mg/L.通过降水输入到森林生态系统的Cl^-总量为7.56 kg/hm^2,其中,通过降雨的Cl^-输入量为6.31 kg/hm^2,通过降雪的Cl^-输入量为1.25 kg/hm^2.1年内林冠的总截留量为2.61 kg/hm^2,平均截留率为38.08%.其中,林冠对降雨过程中Cl^-的截留总量为2.20 kg/hm^2,平均截留率为38.90%;对降雪过程中Cl^-的截留总量为0.41 kg/hm^2,平均截留率为34.39%.8月的平均截留率最大,9月的平均截留率最小.林冠对降水过程中Cl^-的截留率与降水量呈显著负相关关系.可见,川西亚高山粗枝云杉人工林林冠对Cl^-具有较强的截留作用,这对于维持和改善长江上游水源涵养地环境具有重要意义;全球变化导致的降水格局变化可能会改变人工林林冠对大气Cl^-的截留与过滤作用.
Increasing concentrations of chloride ions（Cl^-） in the atmosphere is one of the most important global environmental factors inf luencing processes in terrestrial ecosystems. To understand the roles played by plantations in intercepting atmospheric Cl^-in mountainous regions, a one-year field observation of precipitation and throughfall was conducted in a subalpine artificial Picea asperata plantation in western Sichuan and the dynamics of Cl^-concentrations in rainfall, snowfall, and throughfall, and canopy interception on atmospheric Cl^-were investigated from August 2015 to July 2016. During the observational year, 27 rainfalls and 6 snowfalls were observed and sampled. The average concentration of Cl^-in the precipitation was 1.33 mg/L and the average concentrations of Cl^-in rainfall and snowfall were 1.41 mg/L and 0.98 mg/L, respectively. Correspondingly, the total input of Cl^-by the precipitation processes was 7.56 kg/hm^2, which included 6.31 kg/hm^2 by rainfall and the remainder by snowfall. In one entire year, the total canopy interception of Cl^-was 2.61 kg/hm^2 and the average interception rate was 38.08%. During the rainy season, the canopy interception of Cl^-was 2.20 kg/hm^2 and the average rate was 38.90%, whereas during the snow season, the canopy interception of Cl^-was 0.41 kg/hm^2 and the average ratewas 34.39%. The maximum and minimum interception rates occurred in August and September, respectively. Significantly negative correlation was found between the interception rate of Cl^-and precipitation. In summary, the P. asperata plantation in the subalpine forest region of western Sichuan exerts an important role in intercepting atmospheric Cl^-, which is of great significance for maintaining and improving the environment of the water conservation region in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Furthermore, changes in the precipitation pattern caused by global changes might affect the role of the artificial forest canopy interception on atmospheric Cl^-.
作者
张钰
刘利
赵海蓉
吴福忠
谭思懿
刘俊成
杨万勤
ZHANG Yu;LIU Li;ZHAO Hairong;WU Fuzhong;TAN Siyi;LIU Juncheng;YANG Wanqin(Institute of Ecology ＆ Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering in Upper Reaches of Yangtze River,Alpine Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Chengdu 611130,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River,Chengdu 611130,China;Dufiangyan Environmental Protection and Monitoring Station,Dujiangyan 611830,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期711-717,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家重点研发计划专项(2017YFC0505003)
国家自然科学基金项目(31570445,31622018)
四川省青年科技创新团队项目(2017TD0022)资助~~
关键词
林冠截留
氯离子
降雨
降雪
水源涵养地
canopy interception
chloride ion
rainfall
snowfall
water conservation land
