摘要
在四川彭山江口古战场遗址中,发现了多片大西政权册封妃嫔金册,这是目前仅见的大西封册。金册表明了大西政权建立后仿照古制建立了"九嫔"制度,但其"九嫔"名号与明代不同;同时仿照明朝建立了封册制度,但其册文内容多引经据典,与明代册文风格截然不同;在封册的尺寸、材质等方面也与明代封册有着明显的差别,表现出了"稽古改制"的政治态度。但是这些变化仅流于表面,大西政权的官制以及军事体系等仍然基本来源于明朝。这样的转变表明张献忠"改弦更张"的政治心态,体现了大西政权妃嫔封册脱胎自明代制度,但又努力摆脱明朝影响的政治态度。同时,遗址中出水如此高等级的大西政权文物表明了大西军在内忧外患的政治局势下试图从四川全面撤退、转移财物的历史事实,对研究大西政权历史有重要意义。
Several leaves of good book of warrant are discovered from the ancient battlefield in Pengshan, Sichuan province, which are the only material evidence of extant Daxi book of warrant. This discovery indicates that the Daxi regime established the ＂nine imperial concubines＂ system which followed the Ming dynasty while the title of each imperial concubine was different from that of the Ming. Conferring of the book of warrant was also regulated after the Ming dynasty system, but the text of the book was usually quoted from the classics and the size and material of the book were different from the Ming＇s as well. However, the changes were only in some superficial aspects; the official and military systems of Daxi regime were basically the same as the Ming. This phenomenon demonstrated Zhang Xianzhong＇s political mentality towards the Ming dynasty. Meanwhile, the discovery of those high-rank artifacts reflected the historical fact that the Daxi army was trying to retreat from Sichuan and transfer their property in the turbulent situation of that time.
出处
《中国国家博物馆馆刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第8期18-24,共7页
Journal of National Museum of China
关键词
大西
张献忠
九嫔
金册
礼制
Daxi
Zhang Xianzhong
nine imperial concubines
gold book of warrant
etiquette
