摘要
目的鉴定犬真菌微生物群(真菌区系),并进行药敏分析,为犬致病性真菌防控提供科学依据。方法在中国的北京地区,共有55只没有疾病史的犬被取样。用真菌培养、PCR,基因克隆和测序技术,进行犬的真菌检测和鉴定。对所有真菌分离株进行药敏分析。结果分离获得29株真菌,形态和分子鉴定确证这些真菌为黄曲霉、杂色曲霉、日本曲霉、卷枝毛霉、总状毛霉、多变根毛霉、壳青霉、产黄青霉、厚皮马拉塞霉菌、球毛壳霉、黄色蠕形霉、多喙茎点霉、尖孢镰刀菌、枝状枝孢菌、尖孢枝孢、极细枝孢霉、类星形毛孢子菌、阿萨希毛孢子菌、光滑念珠菌、库德里阿兹威毕赤酵母和东方伊萨酵母。结果表明,犬真菌种类比较丰富,获得真菌12属21种,曲霉属、毛霉属和枝孢菌属真菌在这些致病真菌中占主导地位。药敏分析结果显示:这些真菌对制霉菌素、咪康唑、沃尔康唑、特比萘芬和氟胞嘧啶等已经产生了耐药性。结论联合使用真菌培养、PCR,基因克隆和测序技术能有效分析犬真菌。犬的真菌大多为人兽共患病病原体。研究结果为我国犬真菌监测提供参考数据,为致病性真菌的侵袭防制提供有效工具。
Objective To identify the fungal microbiota（mycobiota）in dogs,analyze the antifungal susceptibility of canine fungi and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of pathogenic fungal infection in dogs.Methods A total of fifty-five dogs with no history of disease in Beijing Region of China were sampled.The canine fungi were detected and identified by means of fungal culture,polymerase chain reaction（PCR）,gene cloning and sequencing techniques.Antifungal drug susceptibility test were done on all fungi isolates.Results 29 fungi were isolated and characterized.Morphological and molecular identification confirmed these fungi as Aspergillus flavus,Aspergillus versicolor,Aspergillus japonicas,Mucor circinelloides,Mucor racemosus,Rhizomucor variabilis,Penicillium crustosum,Penicillium chrysogenum,Malassezia pachydermatis,Chaetomium globosum,Talaromyces flavus,Phoma multirostrata,Fusarium oxysporu,Cladosporium cladosporioides,Cladosporium oxysporum,Cladosporium tenuissimum,Trichosporon asteroids,Trichosporon asahii,Candida glabrata,Pichia kudriavzevii and Issatchenkia orientalis.The results showed that the species of dog fungi were abundant.21 species of fungi which belong to 12 genera were got.The genus Aspergillus,Mucor and Cladosporium were dominant in these pathogenic fungi.The determination of the antifungal sensitivity test showed that these fungal strains were resistant to nystatin,miconazole,voriconazole,terbinafine and fluorocytosine.Conclusion Combined use of fungal culture,PCR,gene cloning and sequencing technology can effectively analyze the dog fungi.Most of dog fungi were zoonotic pathogens.The results provide reference data for dog fungus monitoring in China and provide effective tool for the prevention and control of pathogenic fungi.
作者
高正琴
GAO Zheng-qin(National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《现代检验医学杂志》
CAS
2018年第4期25-30,共6页
Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine
关键词
犬
真菌
监测
药敏分析
dog
fungi
monitor
antifungal susceptibility
