摘要
运用生物力学测试法、专家访谈法和对比分析法,对我国优秀运动员吕秀芝、杨家玉和王娜竞走技术进行对比研究。研究结果:1)我国运动员平均步长增大,步频降低,但不均衡;杨家玉步长小,吕秀芝步长偏大,王娜步长偏小。2)腾空时间偏长。3)动作时相顺序个体间差异大,时相顺序不稳定;前支撑时间短,后支撑时间长,时相结构不合理;吕秀芝和王娜的着地角达到世界优秀运动员水平,杨家玉左脚着地角过小。4)支撑膝关节角度偏大,垂直支撑膝部具有"反弓"技术特点。5)踝关节蹬伸幅偏小,王娜和杨家玉踝部动作幅度不均衡。建议:我国优秀女子运动员提高髋部和下肢灵活性和柔韧性的训练,加大左踝蹬伸幅度;吕秀芝适当控制步长,左脚掌着地放松,杨家玉延长前支撑时间、增大步长,王娜延长前支撑时间、加大下肢动作幅度。
The methods of bio-mechanical testing, expert interview and comparative analysis were applied to study the technique of Chinese elite race walkers Lv Xiu-zhi, Yang Jia-yu and Wang Na. The main conclusions are as follows： 1） The athletes have increased average step length have, but decreased and unbalanced stride frequency; Yang and Wang have small step length while Lv has bigger one. 2） The athletes have longer flying time. 3） There is big difference in movement order and individual movement order is not stable; the front support time is shorter while leg-drive backward support and fight time is longer, the movement structure being not reasonable in support stage;Lv and Wang have world-level touchdown angle, Yang＇s left leg touchdown angle is too small; 4） The knee joint angle and straight leg duration time are reasonable, and the vertical support knee joint angle has the characteristics of ＂anti bow＂. 5） The ankle stretch is small, and Wang and Yang have balanced range of ankle movement. It is suggested that Chinese race walkers strengthen the hip and lower limb flexibility training, increase left ankle stretching in amplitude; Lv control her step size properly, relax the left foot touchdown; Yang prolong front support and increase step length; Wang prolong front support and increase lower limb movements.
作者
李厚林
张磊
孙婧纳
丁海涛
敬艳
LI Hou-lin1, ZHANG lei1 , SUN Jing-na1 , DING Hai-tao1 , JING Yan2(1. Teaching Research Sect. of Track and Field, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191; 2. Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China)
出处
《山东体育学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期105-112,共8页
Journal of Shandong Sport University
基金
国家体育总局重点领域<我国优秀青少年竞走运动员"速度-技术"关系及规范技术模式研究>(2014B079)
国家体育总局科技攻关与科技服务<竞走项目国家队备战里约奥运2016技战术监控科技服务>(2016HT082)
北京市教育委员会科技创新服务能力建设-科研水平提高定额-体育教育训练学理论与实践研究(科研类)(PXM2017_014206_000017)
北京体育大学校自主课题(2017XS009)
关键词
女子20
km竞走
运动学
技术诊断
对比分析
female 20 km race walk
kinematics
technique diagnosis
comparative analysis
