摘要
为保护石羊河流域生态环境提供科学依据,笔者以气候变化和人类活动为主要因素,分析了石羊河流域治理前后生态环境的变化趋势。结果表明:1987—2016年石羊河流域气温显著升高,降水略增加,日照时数增加,蒸发量增大。植被覆盖面积增大,2007—2016年与2000—2006年相比,归一化植被指数(NDVI)在0.3~0.5之间的面积增大0.9%。2007年流域治理以来,机井数量和耕地面积较前20年减少。2000—2016年石羊河年平均流量呈显著增加趋势,尤其蔡旗水文站向下游下泄水量明显增加。2005—2016年石羊河流域中、下游沙丘移动和沙漠边缘进退速度明显减缓,流域地下水位埋深稳步回升。青土湖重现水域以来,水域面积平均每年增加3.59 km2,地下水位埋深平均每年回升0.12 m,流域生态环境明显改善。
To provide a scientific basis for protecting the ecological environment of Shiyang River basin, the authors analyzed the change tendency of the ecological environment before and after the basin management,taking the climate change and human activities as the main factors. The results showed that the temperature significantly increased in Shiyang River basin, the precipitation slightly increased, the sunshine hours increased, and the evaporation volume increased from 1987 to 2016. The area of vegetation coverage increased,and the area of NDVI in 0.3-0.5 from 2007 to 2016 increased by 0.9% compared with that from 2000 to 2006.Since the management after 2007, the number of machine wells and the arable land areas decreased compared with twenty years before. The annual average runoff significantly increased from 2000 to 2016, and the released water significantly increased in Caiqi hydrometric station to the downstream. The movement of sand dunes and desert edge obviously slowed down, and the groundwater depth recovered steadily from 2005 to 2016. Since water reappearance in Qingtu Lake, the water area increased by an average of 3.59 km^2 per year,the average depth of groundwater level rose by an average of 0.12 m per year. The ecological environment has been improved significantly in Shiyang River basin.
作者
蒋菊芳
魏育国
韩涛
马玉山
丁文魁
杨华
刘海燕
Jiang Jufang;Wei Yuguo;Han Tao;Ma Yushan;Ding Wenkui;Yang Hua;Liu Haiyan(Wuwei Meteorological Bureau of Gansu Province,Wuwei Gansu 733000;Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province,Key Open Laboratory of Arid Change and Disaster Reducing of CMA,Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Lanzhou 730020;Northwest Regional Climate Center,Lanzhou 730020)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第21期121-126,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(重大专项)"干旱气象科学研究-我国北方干旱致灾过程及机理"(GYHY201506001-2)
国家自然科学基金项目"半干旱区作物干旱致灾过程特征及其若干阈值研究"(41275118)
干旱基金"荒漠植物对干旱环境的适应机理及干旱阈值研究"(IAM201507)
甘肃省气象局科研面上项目"甜高粱在河西的气候适应性研究"(GSMAMs2016-13)
关键词
石羊河流域
生态环境
驱动力
变化
Shiyang River basin
ecological environment
driving force
change
