摘要
轮对是列车运动和受力的主要部件,轮对故障是列车安全运营的一大隐患。对轮对几何参数与缺陷进行快速、准确的测量,可有效降低事故率和维修成本,为轮轨设计与制造提供科学的决策依据,已成为世界各国相关领域的研究重点。本文在简述轮对几何参数检测发展现状的基础上,主要介绍我们近20年来在轮对几何参数与缺陷动态在线检测方面的工作,我们率先提出平行四边形机构定量测量轮对踏面擦伤与圆周磨耗原理,进而提出使用一维激光位移传感器高精度动态测量踏面直径、多线激光测量车轮几何参数与缺陷等方法,研制了几种不同类型的轮对在线测量系统应用于铁路现场。论文最后讨论了轮对检测未来的发展趋势。
Wheelsets are the main movement and stress component of trains. Wheelset fault is one of the main causes that threaten the safety of trains. The rapid and accurate measurement of the geometric parameters and defects of wheelset can effectively reduce the accident rate and the maintenance cost,and provide the scientific decision-making basis for the design and manufacture of wheel and rail. Therefore it has become the research focus in the relevant fields of the world. In this paper,based on a brief description of the development of wheelset geometric parameter detection,our work in the dynamic measurement of geometric parameters and defects in the past 20 years is introduced. We first proposed the principle for quantitatively measuring the wheel tread abrade and abrasion using a parallelogram mechanism,and then put forward methods for accurately measuring the tread diameter by one-dimensional laser displacement sensors and the method for measuring geometric parameters and defects by multi-line lasers. We also developed several different types of wheelsets on-line measurement systems that have been applied to the railway site. The development trend of wheelset inspection is discussed as well in the end of this paper.
作者
冯其波
杨婧
郑发家
赵晓华
FENG Qibo;YANG Jing;ZHENG Fajia;ZHAO Xiaohua(Institute of Optoelectronic Measurement and Control Technology School of Science,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Dongguan Noni Electronic Technology Limited,Dongguan 523050,China)
出处
《计测技术》
2018年第3期120-129,共10页
Metrology & Measurement Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51275032)
东莞市引进创新科研团队(201536000600028)
关键词
轮对
几何参数
缺陷
动态测量
wheelset
geometric parameters
wheel defects
dynamic measurement
