摘要
通过采集北京市亦庄经济技术开发区2016年7月和10月、2017年1月和4月4个季节典型代表月大气亚微米颗粒物PM_1样品,分析研究了该开发区PM_1及其水溶性离子组分的季节变化以及不同污染时段的变化特征,揭示了影响二次组分形成和霾污染形成的重要因素.结果表明:研究期间开发区PM_1平均浓度为73.95μg/m^3,高于北京市同期估算的PM_1平均水平,为其1.13倍.夏、秋、冬、春4季PM_1平均浓度分别为69.22,63.38,99.50,57.26μg/m^3,明显呈现出冬季>夏季>秋季>春季的季节变化特征,各季节霾天PM_1浓度是清洁天的1.78～3.17倍.PM_1中总水溶性离子浓度为37.30μg/m^3,占PM_1总质量浓度的50.44%,其中二次组分SO42-、NO3-和NH4+(SNA)平均浓度占总水溶性离子浓度的86.98%,是PM_1中水溶性离子的最主要组成部分.PM_1总水溶性离子浓度的季节变化与SNA的变化一致,表现为冬季>夏季>秋季>春季.研究期间硫氧化率(SOR)高于氮氧化率(NOR),且SOR表现为夏>秋>冬>春,而NOR表现为夏>秋～春>冬,相应霾污染天SOR和NOR均显著高于清洁天,其中夏季霾天SO_2和NO_2的二次转化过程最为显著.SO_2向SO42-的转化主要受相对湿度RH、温度T、NO_2以及NH3的影响,且液相反应是硫酸盐形成的重要途径.NO_2向NO3-的转化受RH、T、O3以及NH3的影响较大.鞍型气压场、均压场、逆温层以及南、东南和西南方向为主的近地面偏弱气团传输是影响霾污染形成的重要因素.
A campaign of sampling atmospheric submicron particulate matter （PM1） samples at Yizhuang zone in Beijing during July, October 2016 and January, April 2017, was carried out to investigate the characteristics of PM1 and its water-soluble species during four seasons and different haze periods. The important factors affecting the formations of the secondary ions and haze pollution were discussed. The results showed that the average concentration of PM1 reached 73.95μg/m3 for the entire study at Yizhuang zone, being 1.13times as high as the corresponding average concentration level of PM1 in Beijing. Average concentrations of PM1 in summer, autumn, winter and spring were 69.22, 63.38, 99.50 and 57.26μg/m3, respectively, showing the order of winter〉summer〉autumn〉spring; the concentrations of PM1 during haze days were 1.78~3.17times as high as those in clean days. The total water-soluble ion concentration in PM1 was 37.30μg/m^3, accounting for 50.44% of PM1; secondary ions SO4^2-、NO3^- and NH4^＋ （SNA） were the most important water soluble ions, which accounted for 86.98% of the total water soluble ions. The seasonal variation of the total water soluble ion concentrations in PM1 was in accordance with SNA, following the order of winter 〉 summer 〉 autumn 〉 spring. The average sulfur oxidation rate SOR was higher than the mean nitrogen oxidation rate NOR for the entire study, of which SOR presented the order of summer 〉 autumn 〉 winter 〉 spring, and NOR showed the order of summer 〉 autumn-spring 〉 winter, and SORs and NORs in haze days were all significantly higher than those in clean days, especially in summer. The conversion of SO2 to SO4^2- was apparently influenced by relative humidity RH, temperature T, NO2 and NH3, and aqueous chemical reactions of SO2 on the surface of PM1 might be the important pathway of SO4^2- formations. The conversion of NO2 to NO^3- was greatly influenced by RH, T, O3, and NH3. The haze pollution formation was mainly influenced by saddle type pressure fie
作者
韩力慧
向欣
张海亮
王红梅
闫海涛
程水源
王海燕
HAN Li-hui;XIANG Xin;ZHANG Hai-liang;WANG Hong-mei;YAN Hai-tao;CHENG Shui-yuan;WANG Hai-yan(Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control,College of Environmental and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)
出处
《中国环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第8期2846-2856,共11页
China Environmental Science
基金
国家环保部公益性行业科研专项(201409003)
国家留学基金委项目(201406545022)
北京市教委项目(PXM2016_014204_001029_00205967_FCG)
关键词
亦庄开发区
PM1
理化特性
SNA
霾污染
气象要素
Yizhuang zone
PM1
physicochemical properties
SNA
haze pollution
meteorological factors
