摘要
二战后涌入的移民造成英国人口成分的"超级多样性",也带来移民政策的变革,英国开始以多元文化理念来处理移民问题。移民政策的推进可分为移民接收和移民整合。移民接收针对潜在移民,政策由宽松逐渐收紧,对有色移民影响至深。移民整合针对已成事实的移民,主要致力于推动移民与本土居民的平等关系和移民的国家认同。影响政策演变的因素包括英国宗教宽容精神和殖民时期分而治之的体制、相对主义的经验及国内经济形势、执政党的执政理念和政治立场、移民数量与福利间零和模式、国际局势或国际事件等。移民中"隔坨"和"平行社会"的产生,非但不是由于实行了多元文化主义政策,反而是因为多元文化主义政策不足。
After World War II,the huge influx of immigrants led to the superdiversity in the United Kingdom＇s people and change of immigration policies as a result. That was the beginning when the UK government used multiculturalism to deal with the issue of immigration. On the one hand,there were admission policies for immigrants,targeting the potential ones who tried to enter the UK. These policies have been tighter ever since 1950s,especially for colored immigrants. On the other hand,there were integration policies for the immigrants who had already been in the UK. These policies aimed to promoting the equality between local British and the immigrants,and the national identity of the immigrants for the state. There are several factors influencing the change of immigration policies of the UK,including the idea of toleration,the experience of governing the vast and diverse colonies,the economic situation,the governing philosophy and political standpoints of the parties,the trade-off model between the immigrant number and the welfare,the international affairs,etc. This paper argues that multiculturalism is not supposed to accept the criticism of cultivating ghettoes or paralleled societies. Instead,more multiculturalism is needed.
作者
徐晓红
XU Xiao-hong(School of Government,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期14-20,共7页
Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"中西比较视域下我国当代核心价值观构建研究"(14CKS025)
关键词
英国
移民政策
多元文化主义
the United Kingdom
immigration policy
multiculturalism
