摘要
目的探究国际人口迁移规模分布特征及其影响因素。方法使用人口迁移选择指数表示人口迁移规模,划分人口迁移中心;在ArcGIS软件支持下,对世界各国的人口迁移、迁出规模进行空间可视化,发现空间规律。结果 (1)国际人口迁移规模大,增长速度快,发达国家和传统移民国家为主要迁入区,亚太地区为主要人口迁出区;(2)按照人口迁移吸引中心的强弱可将吸引中心分为3类:强势吸引中心(综合迁入指数/综合迁出指数>10)、次级吸引中心(综合迁入指数/综合迁出指数为5-10)和弱势吸引中心(综合迁入指数/综合迁出指数为1-5);(3)发达国家和石油生产国为主要的人口吸引中心,人口数量众多的发展中国家为人口迁出中心;(4)经济全球化、经济发展差距、世界政治环境以及迁移政策都会影响国际人口迁移特征。结论国际人口迁移中迁入地与迁出地表现不同的规模特征与空间特征,影响迁入、迁出行为发生的影响因素也存在一定差异。
Purposes To explore the distribution characteristics of international population migra tion and its influencing factors. Methods The migration preference index was used to indicate the scale of population migration and to divide the population migration centers. With the support of Arc GIS software, spatial scale was visualized and spatial patterns were found for the immigration and em igration in the world. Results （1） The scale of international migration is larger and the growth rate is faster. Developed countries and traditional immigrant countries are the main in migration areas and Asia Pacific region is major out migration area. （2） According to the strength of population migration attraction centers, the attraction centers are divided into three categories： strong attraction center （the ratio of comprehensive immigration index to comprehensive relocation index is greater than 10） , secondary attraction center （the ratio of comprehensive immigration index tocomprehensive relocation index is 5 to 10） and disadvantaged attracting centers（the ratio of comprehensive immigration Index to comprehensive migration index is 1 to 5） ; （3） Developed countries and oil producing countries are ma jor centers of population attraction and the developing countries with large population are out migra tion centers; （4） Economic globalization, gap of economic development, the world＇s political environ ment and migration policies all have an impact on the characteristics of international population migra tion. Conclusion There are different scale characteristics and spatial characteristics in the immigra tion and emigration areas of international population migration. There are also certain differences in the influencing factors that affect the behavior of immigration and emigration.
作者
闵家楠
曹小曙
MIN Jia-nan;CAO Xiao-shu(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi＇an 710062,Shaanxi,China;National Demonstration Center of Experimental Geography Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi＇an 710062,Shaanxi,China;Center for Land Resource Research in Northwest China,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi＇an 710062,Shaanxi,China;Institute of Transport Geography and Spatial Planning,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi＇an 710062,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory forUrbanization and National Land Envirorm＊ent Spatial Simulation in Northwest China,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi＇an 710062,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《宝鸡文理学院学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2018年第2期63-69,78,共8页
Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41671160)
关键词
国际人口
迁移特征
迁移选择指数
影响因素
international population
migration characteristics
migration preference index
influential factors
