摘要
结直肠癌在我国发病日渐增多,结肠镜检查尽管是诊断结直肠癌的金标准,但为侵入性检查,易造成患者的痛苦和不适,且可能引起出血、穿孔等并发症,不易被人们接受,而检测血液和粪便标志物的非侵入筛查更易被人们认可。目前粪便隐血和血清糖类抗原(CA)检测是最常用的筛查方法,近年来的研究显示肿瘤M2型丙酮酸激酶(tM2-PK)在结直肠癌筛查中有一定的应用价值,随着分子生物学研究的进展,表观遗传学中启动子区的高甲基化和微小RNA(miRNA)的异常表达在血液和粪便中的检测有望提高结直肠癌的早期发现率,但仍需大量的临床研究予以证实。
The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing in China. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. However,it is not easy to be accepted by patients due to pain,discomfort,bleeding,perforation and other complications,since it is an invasive examination. Non-invasive screening of blood and stool markers is more likely to be accepted. The determinations of fecal occult blood and serum carbohydrate antigen（CA） are the most commonly used screening methods. In recent years,tumor type M2 pyruvate kinase（tM2-PK） is valuable in screening. With the development of molecular biology,promoter hypermethylation in epigenetics and aberrant expression of micro RNA（miRNA） in the determinations of blood and feces are expected to improve the early determination rate of colorectal cancer. However,a large number of clinical studies are still needed to confirm these methods.
作者
杨静
朱林敏
陈兴国
YANG Jing;ZHU Linmin;CHEN Xingguo(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Tianjin TEDA Hospital,Tianjin 300457,China)
出处
《检验医学》
CAS
2018年第6期572-577,共6页
Laboratory Medicine
