摘要
目的分析湖北省2015—2017年流行性腮腺炎(流腮)流行病学特征,评估2017年免疫策略调整后的防控效果。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对流腮疫情以及含腮腺炎成分的第二类疫苗使用情况进行分析。结果湖北省2015—2017年,流腮平均报告发病率20.81/10万,各年发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=2 969.04,P=0.00),4~7月和10月至次年1月为发病高峰,男女性别比为1.48∶1,5~9岁发病率最高为166.88/10万;流腮暴发疫情共48起,集中在4~6月和9~12月,全部发生在学校,小学占93.75%。2017年下半年与上半年比,发病数下降26.57%,暴发疫情下降74.07%,2015—2016年下半年比上半年均上升。2017年含腮腺炎成分疫苗共采购811 600支,估算全省4~6岁儿童接种率47.58%,其中2017年上半年报告发病数排前的随州、十堰、荆门、恩施接种率>80%。结论流腮的流行病学特征未发生改变,实施免疫策略调整后,流腮疫情得到有效控制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps from 2015 to 2017 in Hubei Province,and evaluate the control outcome after adjusting immunization strategy in 2017. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps and the mumps-containing components of the category II vaccine was used. Results The average incidence of mumps was 20. 81/100 000 in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2017. The incidence was on the rise（ χ^2 trend=2 969. 04,P = 0. 00）. The peak incidence was from April to July and October to January. Male to female ratio was 1. 48 ∶ 1. The highest incidence was 166. 88/100 000 for 5-9 years old children. There were 48 outbreaks of mumps in total,concentrated from April to June and September to December,all occurred in schools,accounted for 93. 75% of primary schools. Compared with the first half of 2017,the number of cases of illness dropped by 26. 57% and the incidence of outbreaks decreased by 74. 07% in the second half of 2017. They both increased in the second half of 2015 and the second half of 2016 as compared with the first half of these years.In 2017,811 600 of mumps-containing vaccines were purchased totally,immunization coverage of children aged 4-6 years in the Hubei Province was 47. 58%. Among them,the immunization coverage of Suizhou,Shiyan,Jingmen and Enshi was more than 80%.Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of mumps have not changed. After the adjustment of immunization strategies,the epidemic of mumps was effectively controlled.
作者
赵明江
胡龙
孙茜
ZHAO Mingjiang;HU Long;SUN Qian(Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2018年第3期37-41,共5页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
