摘要
清前期，出现了江南士子向京津一带转移、集中的现象。当时，长芦盐务中心由沧州转移到天津，盐商广筑园林、资助士子来津盘桓。但这只是外因，江南士子北上有其深层次的内在需求。清初的“江南问题”一直使清朝统治者耿耿于怀，考察清初发生的文字狱、奏销案和科场案，清政府对南北的处理标准不一，形成了“北松南紧”的政治环境，江南士子的生存环境恶化。康、乾朝两次开博学鸿词科，吸引了大批士子北上应试。另外，由于南北教育基础的差异较大，南人冒北籍成为科考成功的“捷径”，天津府和顺天府成为当时冒籍的重灾区。种种因素共同作用，导致江南士子联翩北上。
In the early Qing Dynasty,the phenomenon of the diversion and concentration of the Jiangnan scholar to Peking and Tianjin district appeared.Changlu salt businessman family began living in Tianjin along with Changlu salt center transferred to there. Salt Merchants Building broad garden,funded scholar to Tianjin linger. But this is only an external cause,and the Jiangnan scholar’s coming to the North has its deep inner demand. The "Jiangnan question"always kept the Qing rulers deeply concerned. By study of Wenziyu,Zouxiaoan and Kekaoan,the standard treatment of the Qing government to the north and south,formed a"The north is easy and the south is tense"political environment,the deterioration of the living environment of Jiangnan scholar. In Qing dynasty,Kangxi and Qianlong held the "Boxuehongci"examination,attracting a large number of scholars. In addition,due to the great difference between the north and south education,it is a easy for the southerners to fake the northerners for the examination. The Tianjin and Shuntian be came the harder -hit area of faking native place. All kinds of factors lead to the Jiangnan scholars going to Tianjin.
出处
《城市史研究》
CSSCI
2018年第1期308-322,共15页
Urban History Research
关键词
江南士子
北上天津
长芦盐商
江南问题
Jiangnan Scholar
Go to Tianjin in the North
Changlu Salt Businessman
Jiangnan Question
