摘要
为探讨不同灌水量下砂壤温室黄瓜土壤中氮浓度的变化特征,借助温室内称重式蒸渗仪试验平台,以直径20 cm蒸发皿的蒸发量(E_p)为灌水依据,设置了I1(K_(cp1):0.8)、I2(K_(cp2):1.0)和I3(K_(cp3):1.2)3种灌水水平,研究了黄瓜生育期内不同土层土壤溶液中氮浓度的动态变化及氮淋洗情况。结果表明,减少灌溉量增加了20和40 cm土层中的硝态氮浓度,降低了60 cm土层的硝态氮浓度。与处理I3相比,处理I2在20和40 cm土层中的硝态氮生育期平均浓度增加了75.59%和134.36%,60 cm土层的硝态氮生育期平均浓度降低了18.88%。不同灌溉量处理在各土层中铵态氮最大浓度仅为0.4 mg·L^(-1),其中20 cm土层铵态氮浓度具有和硝态氮相似的变化规律,而40和60 cm土层中各处理无明显差异。黄瓜季淋洗出90 cm土体的氮总量为56.08~203.13kg·hm^(-2),占总施氮量的9.02%~32.69%。相比处理I3,I2处理不仅具有最高的黄瓜产量,而且氮淋洗总量降低了49.16%(P<0.05),灌溉水利用效率和氮肥偏生产力分别提高了39.24%(P<0.05)和18.88%(P<0.05)。综合考虑土壤中氮浓度、淋洗量及黄瓜产量等指标,I2处理(K_(cp2):1.0)为供试条件下较优灌溉量。
In order to investigate the variation characteristics of soil nitrogen concentration in sandy loam greenhouse cucumberunder different irrigation levels. with the weighing lysimeter test platform. 3 treatments was set up according to the evaporationamount of the evaporator pan in diameter 20 cm in the greenhouse： I1 （Kcp1 ： 0.8）. I2 （Kcp2 ： 1.0） and I3 （Kcp3 ： 1.2）.The dynamic changes of nitrogen concentration and nitrogen leaching in different soils of cucumber were studied. The resultsshowed that reducing the amount of irrigation. the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the 20 and 40 cm increased. while in the60 cm soil layer it decreased. Compared with treatment I3. the average concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the 20 cm and 40cm increased by 75. 59% and 134. 36%. respectively. but decreased by 18. 88% in 60 cm soil layer. Under different irriga-tion treatments. the maximum concentration of ammonium nitrogen in each soil layer was only 0. 4 mg.L - 1. The change ofammonium nitrogen in 20 cm soil layer was similar to that of nitrate nitrogen. while in 40 and 60 cm soil layers the differencewere not significant. The total amount of nitrogen leaching in the 90 cm was 56. 08-203. 13 kg.hm- 2. accounting for9. 02% -32. 69% of total nitrogen application. Compared with treatment I3. I2 not only had the highest yield of cucumber.but also decreased the total amount of nitrogen leaching by 49.16%. and the irrigation water use efficiency and nitrogen fertiliz-er productivity increased by 39.24% and 18.88%. respectively. Considering the nitrogen concentration in the soil. leachingamount and cucumber yield. I2 treatment （Kcp2 ： 1.0） was the best irrigation under the test conditions.
作者
陶虹蓉
李银坤
郭文忠
李海平
李灵芝
杨宜
TAO Hong-rong1,2, LI Yin-kun2,3, GUO Wen-zhong2,3, LI Hai-ping1,, LI Ling-zhi1, YANG Yi1,2(1. College of Horticul-ture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu Shanxi 030801; 2. National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agricul-ture, Beijing 100097; 3. Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Internet of Things, Beijing 10009)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期175-180,共6页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201503)
国家自然科学基金(41501312)
关键词
砂壤
灌水量
土壤溶液
氮浓度
氮淋洗
sandy loam
irrigation
soil solution
nitrogen concentration
nitrogen leaching
