摘要
本文从基础性制度和发展战略两个方面对于美国教育的宏观架构进行了分析。在基础性制度方面,分权、公私立并驾齐驱、教师的专业自主权、学校/大学的相对独立性等制度使得美国教育较能及时响应时代发展需求、呈现多元化、注重创新等特点,同时也会导致发展不均衡等问题。在此过程中,美国教育的基础性制度也在积极求变。在教育发展战略方面,美国教育领域则经历了通过公平提升质量、促进21世纪能力的发展、推进教育国际化的向度转变等。本文提出,制定教育发展战略应识别基础性制度及其"自然"结果,并响应时代发展需求对于这种结果加以调适。
The paper analyzes the fundamental system and development strategy of U.S. education. The fundamental system mainly includes the decentralization, development of public and private education, teachers＇ professional autonomy, and the relative independence of schools and universities. The system makes U.S. education responsive, various and creative and also imbalanced. In the new century, the fundamental system has evolved in terms of multiple participation and power structure in response of new challenges. As to the educational development strategy in U.S., quality through equity, 21st century skills and new directions in internationalization of education can been regarded as the important evolution in the new century. On the basis of the analysis, it is suggested that the fundamental system and its ＂natural＂ effects should be identified and the educational development strategy should be adaptive to the new demands in the new era.
作者
郑太年
Zheng Tainian(Institute of International and Comparative Education,Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 20006)
出处
《教育发展研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第11期18-26,共9页
Research in Educational Development
关键词
美国教育
基础性制度
教育发展战略
U.S. Education
fundamental system
educational development strategy
