摘要
科学家们广泛认为嵌合体研究对于回答干细胞和发育生物学的基本问题是不可或缺的,这种嵌合体有助于提供一个体内的系统来帮助研究者了解干细胞的分化和组织发育过程。这将有助于人类发展对疾病的认识,并可应用于再生医学。首先介绍了"嵌合体"一词的词源学背景,澄清嵌合体的科学问题不同于神话学中的特征,需要加以区分。并进一步梳理了与人—非人动物嵌合体有关的几个容易混淆的概念,不同类型的嵌合体实验也涉及不同的伦理学问题。其中需要通过对嵌合体道德地位的评价来帮助研究者理清该做与不该做的道德底线。对人与非人动物嵌合体的受益与风险分析则需要考量风险受益比是否在可接受的范围内,最后根据嵌合体的主要伦理问题提出管理建议。
Scientists widely believe that chimera research is indispensable for answering the basic questions of stem cells and developmental biology, and this chimera helps to provide an in vivo system to help researchers un- derstand the dift）rentiation and tissue development process of stem cells. This would help people to develop knowl- edge to diseases and apply them to regenerative medicine. This paper firstly introduced the etymological background of the term ＂chimera＂ and clarified that the scientific problems of chimeras were dift^rent from those of mythology and needed to be distinguished. Furthemlore, several confusing concepts related to human -nonhuman animal chi- meras were combed, and dirt）rent types of chimera experiments also involved dirt）rent ethical issues. Among them, it needed to use the evaluation on moral status of chimeras to help researchers clarify the moral bottom line of doing and not doing. The benefit and risk analysis of human - nonhuman animal chimeras needed to consider whether the risk benefit ratio is within the acceptable range, and finally it proposed management suggestions based on the main ethical issues of the chimera .
作者
孙彤阳
翟晓梅
SUN Tongyang;ZHAI Xiaomei(College of Humanities,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100732,China)
出处
《中国医学伦理学》
2018年第8期981-987,共7页
Chinese Medical Ethics
关键词
人-非人动物嵌合体
干细胞技术
道德地位
风险
受益
Human - Nonhuman Animal Chimeras
Stem Cell Technology
Moral Status
Risk
Benefit
