摘要
肿瘤精准治疗策略要求肿瘤模型务必具有原肿瘤的各种特征的良好保真性。人源化肿瘤异种移植（PDX）模型是指直接将患者的新鲜肿瘤组织移植到免疫缺陷小鼠体内而构建出的肿瘤模型，以模拟人类肿瘤在体内的生物学特征，现已被广泛用于肿瘤研究。本文从移植物、移植宿主、移植部位三个方面概述PDX模型的构建方法及其进展，分别阐述PDX模型在肿瘤基础研究领域（包括肿瘤发生、转移和耐药机制），以及肿瘤转化研究领域（包括肿瘤生物标志物开发、抗癌方案检测和肿瘤精准治疗）的应用进展，提出关于PDX模型亟待解决的问题。
[ Abstract] Tumor models are required to keep the most original characteristics of the primary tumor in precision treatment. Patient-derived xenograft models are established when cancerous ceils or tissues directly from patients＇ primary tumors are transplanted into immunodeficient mice to mimic human tumor biology in vivo, which have been widely used in cancer research. In this review, we initially summarize the methodology and its progress to create patient-derived xenograft models from three aspects including grafts, hosts and grafting regions, and then go over recent applications of patient-derived xenograft models in basic cancer research on the areas of tumorigenesis, metastasis and drug resistance and in translational medical research of tumor, such as exploring cancer biomarkers, screening anti-cancer drugs and personalized therapy for neoplasm. Finally, we propose the problems of patient- derived xenograft, which must be solved urgently.
作者
王永杰
董扬
Wang Yongjie;Dong yang(Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People＇s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, Chin)
出处
《国际外科学杂志》
2018年第7期482-487,共6页
International Journal of Surgery
基金
上海自然科学基金（16ZR1425500）
