摘要
通过样地、样方和采样等技术方法,调查研究了"陕北沙地矿区生态恢复与重建技术"与传统造林技术在榆林沙地矿区植被恢复中的生态效果差异,结果为传统造林技术和示范推广的新技术均可有效提高地表粗糙度,降低地表风速,将地表粗糙度由植被恢复前的0.20cm分别提高到0.95、1.06,50cm高度处防风效能分别可达15.25%和21.80%,有利于缓减地表风蚀。植物种类、植被盖度均得到提高,乔、灌层生物多样性、优势度、均匀度指数均得到明显提升,有利于形成更复杂、稳定的群落结构,示范推广的新技术在提高乔、灌、草层生物量方面效果更明显;0~60cm范围内,土壤容重、土壤孔隙度以及速效钾、速效磷、全氮、有机质含量均有所提升,改良了土壤结构,提高了土壤涵养水源功能,但传统造林区和示范推广区在改良土壤理化性质方面无显著差异;增加林地碳储量方面,造林第3年,示范推广区和传统造林区每公顷分别可增加碳储量664.35、633.75kg,其中增加的碳储量60.22%、59.17%由樟子松提供。"陕北沙地矿区生态恢复与重建技术"值得在榆林沙地矿区及其他生态条件相近地区植被恢复中推广应用。
Traditional and new technologies in vegetation restoration in mining zone of sandy area were compared in terms of their ecological effect.The result showed that both traditional and new technologies in vegetation restoration have effect in increasing the surface roughness and reducing wind speed.The surface roughness can be increased from previous 0.20 cm to 0.95 cm and 1.06 cm respectively.The wind prevention effect at the height of 50 cm can be 15.25% and 21.08% respectively.Vegetation species and coverage evenness were enhanced,especially significantly in the arbor and shrubs.Soil bulk density and porosity,available K,available P,total N and organic matter were all increased,showing the function in soil structure improvement and water conservation capacity.The traditional approach and new approach had no significant difference in soil physical property improvement.Of carbon sequestration,traditional and new technologies can have carbon storage 664.35 kg and 633.75 kg per hm2,respectively,but 60.22% and 59.17% of them come from Pinus sylvestris var mongovica Litv.Vegetation restoration technologies in mining zone of sandy area are worth widely extension and application.
作者
雷声坤
王玉宝
王怀彪
常海军
刘洋
白文慧
高树军
高占英
LEI Shen-kun;WANG Yu-bao;CHANG Hai-jun;LIU Yang;BAI Wen-hui;GAO Shu-jun;GAO Zhan-ying(Yuyang Forestry Work Station of Yulin, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000)
出处
《陕西林业科技》
2018年第2期5-10,共6页
Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology
基金
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目--榆阳沙地矿区生态恢复科技推广示范([2015]14号)
关键词
榆林沙地
矿区
植被
恢复与重建技术
比较
Sandy area in Yulin
mining zone
restoration and rehabilitation
comparison
