摘要
本文基于2013年中国综合社会调查(CGSS2013)数据,测算了我国不同时期高等教育获得的机会不平等程度,并通过Shapley分解法计算了不同环境因素对高等教育获得的机会不平等的差异性贡献。结果显示:第一,我国在高等教育获得中存在机会不平等问题,但高等教育获得的机会不平等程度在逐渐降低。第二,相对于推荐制度,全国统考制度下高等教育获得的机会不平等程度更小。第三,高校扩招政策不仅不能有效缓解高等教育获得的机会不平等程度,反而加剧了城乡之间的不公平。第四,个人特征始终不构成高等教育获得的机会不平等的主要因素。第五,家庭文化因素、家庭经济政治因素、城乡差别以及地区差异在大部分时期是高等教育获得的机会不平等存在的重要原因,但家庭经济政治因素的贡献在不断减小,并且近年来已不构成高等教育获得的机会不平等的主要因素。
Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey （CGSS） in 2013, the paper estimates the inequality of opportunities about access to higher education in different periods, and calculates the difference contribution of different factors of circumstances through Shapley decomposition.The results show the following five aspects. Firstly, there is inequality of opportunity in access to higher education, but the degree of inequality is gradually decreasing. Secondly, compared with the recommendation system, the national examination system is less unfair.Thirdly, university enrollment policy can＇ t effectively alleviate the inequality of access to higher education, but increase the inequality between the urban and the rural. Fourthly, personal characteristics are not the main factors of inequality in access to higher education. Fifthly, family cultural factors, family economic and political factors, urban-rural disparities and regional disparities are important factors that result in inequality of opportunity in access to higher education in most of the period, but recently the impact of economic and political factors of famliy on inequality of opportunity in access to higher education has become lower and lower.
作者
靳振忠
王亮
严斌剑
Jin Zhenzhong;Wang Liang;Yan Binjian(School of Business, Nanjing University;School of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University)
出处
《经济评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期133-145,共13页
Economic Review
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目"城乡一体化对中国居民代际流动性影响研究--基于物质资本
人力资本和社会资本的视角"(项目编号:71503129)的资助
