摘要
改革开放以来,中国进行了八次大的政府机构改革,从一定意义上讲都是机构裁撤和功能调整的大部制改革。以往的七次大部制改革,取得了机构精简、人员减少、职能转变等成效,但仍然存在着职能重叠、人员冗余、多头管理等问题,尤其是大部制改革一直局限在政府体系内部。十八大明确提出要深化国家机构和行政体制改革,实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,这为大部制改革指引了方向。十九大后,在习近平新时代、新思想的指引下,新一轮大部制改革的总体创新思路是:将政党、人大、政府、司法机关、社会组织、企事业单位和公民个人等多元主体纳入到大部制改革思路的确定中;将"大系统"概念纳入大部制改革机构调整方案中,打破了过去局限于国务院部门之间的"大部制"概念;将加强和优化"党的领导"明确为国家机构调整的重要原则,贯彻到大部制改革全过程之中;将"机构随功能走"或曰"结构功能相匹配"原则落实到机构职能、级别、编制、权能的规范中。经过本次新的大部制改革,今后中国的政府机构必将更加结构合理、功能完整、关系明确、运行高效。
Since the reform and opening-up, China has carried out eight major government organizational reforms, which in certain sense is a major reform of institutional abolition and functional adjustment. Though the past seven major reforms have achieved organizational simplification, personnel reduction, and functional changes, there are still problems such as function overlapping, personnel redundancy and multi-headed management. In particular, most of the reforms have been confined within the government system. The 18th CPC Nation- al Congress clearly stated that it is necessary to deepen the reform of state institutions and administrative systems, and modernize the state governance system and governance capabilities, which guides the direction for the super-ministry reform. After the 19th CPC National Congress, under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, the overall innovative thinking of the new round of superministry reform is to include the plural parties such as political parties, the people＇s congresses, administrations, judicial authorities, social organizations, enterprises, public service units and individual citizens; to break the concept of super-ministry confined to the departments of the State Council in the past, by including the concept of big system in the adjustment program for the reform of the ministry system; to take the strengthening and optimizing the Party＇s leadership as the important principles for the adjustment of state organizations and implement them throughout the process of the super-ministry reform; to implement the principal of the matching between structure and function in the standardization of institutional functions, units, levels, and obligations. It is believed that after this round of super-ministry reform, China＇s government agencies will surely be more structurally sound, functionally complete, clear-cut and efficient in the future.
作者
施雪华
赵忠辰
SHI Xue-hua;ZHAO Zhong-chen
出处
《理论与改革》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第4期34-44,共11页
Theory and Reform
关键词
十九大
大部制改革
新动因
新思路
大系统
The 19th CPC National Congress
Super-ministry reform
New motivation
New idea
Big system
