摘要
集约化养殖产生大量的畜禽粪便而且无序排放产生,是造成农业面源污染的重要原因之一。畜禽粪便田间消纳后对土壤性质及肥力的影响是现阶段研究的热点问题。本研究在施用等量氮、磷、钾养分的条件下,通过连续两年的盆栽试验,研究猪粪有机肥替代不同化学肥料后对潮土速效养分、团聚体组分及稳定性的影响。结果表明:施用猪粪有机肥增加了土壤碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾含量,且随猪粪有机肥施用量的增加而增加,其中土壤碱解氮、速效磷及速效钾含量比单施化肥处理(T1)分别提高了3.7%~165.8%、11.6%~197.7%和20.7%~364.8%;与第一年相比,第二年各处理碱解氮含量下降2.8%~48.9%,而速效磷、速效钾均有增加。施用猪粪有机肥处理土壤有机碳含量均高于单施化肥处理(T1),且随有机肥量的增加呈增加趋势,增加幅度达14.8%~175.7%;猪粪有机肥处理第二年后土壤有机碳含量比第一年土壤有机碳含量增加3.9%~96.9%。同时发现,潮土土壤团聚体以<0.25 mm的微团聚体为主;化肥配施猪粪有机肥处理增加了潮土>0.25 mm团聚体含量、团聚体MWD(平均重量直径)以及GWD(几何平均直径)和R_(0.25)值,且随有机肥施用量的增加而增加。由此可见,施用猪粪有机肥有利于潮土速效养分、有机碳含量的增加,并促进大团聚体的形成和稳定。
Intensive farming produces a large amount of livestock and poultry manure and disorder emission,which is a major cause of agricultural non-point source pollution. To study the effects of livestock manure field disposition on soil properties and fertility is a research hotspot. Based on two years＇ pot experiment, we investigated the effect of different fertilizer treatments（manure replaced chemical fertilizer） on soil nutrients,aggregate fraction and stability in fluvo-aquic soil. The results showed that the available N, P and K increased after the application of pig manure, and their contents increased by 3.7% -165.8% , 11.6% -197.7% and 20.7% -364.8% compared with that of T1 treatment（only chemical fertilizer）; available N content of the second year decreased by 2.8% -48.9% compared with that of the first year, available P and K increased. Organic carbon content of pig manure treatment was higher than that of T1, and the content increased with the increase of manure application amount, the increasing range reached 14.8% -175.7% ; after pig manure treatment,organic carbon content of the second year was 3.9% -96.9% higher than that of the first year. And the soil aggregates in fluvo-aquic soil were mainly composed of 0.25 mm micro-aggregates. Pig manure combined chemical fertilizer treatment increased 0.25 mm aggregates content, and the value of MWD, GMD and R_（0.25）,and those indexes increased with the application amount increase. So, the application of pig manure could increase available nutrient and organic carbon content in fluvo-aquic soil, and promote the macro-aggregates formation and stability.
作者
高焕平
刘世亮
赵颖
石纹碹
王洋洋
刘芳
Gao Huanping;Liu Shiliang;Zhao Ying;Shi Wenxuan;Wang Yangyang;Liu Fang(College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002;Zhengzhou Construction Ecological Afforestation Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450000)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第14期99-105,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
"十三五"国家重点研发计划项目"黄淮平原轮作模式优化与肥沃耕层结构层次构建技术"(2016YFD0300803-03)
河南省重点科技攻关计划项目"集约化养殖畜禽粪便旱作农田消纳潜能研究"(132102110039)
"秸秆还田对中低产田生态环境的影响及提高氮肥利用率机理研究"(152102110050)
关键词
猪粪有机肥
潮土
速效养分
有机碳
水稳性团聚体
pig manure organic fertilizer
fluvo-aquic soil
available nutrient
organic carbon
water-stable aggregate
