摘要
旅游的功能与作用研究(国外一般采用旅游影响一词)一直是旅游研究中的一个重要内容。文章放弃了原来的仅从现实入手认识旅游功能的路径,转向了目的论视角的旅游功能研究。提出旅游的本质在于人的体验,而旅游的目的则指向了人的存在。研究从伽达默尔的人文主义核心概念——教化出发,阐述人的发展与旅游作为人的一种日常实践的关系。区别于黑格尔所讲的理论教化,文章提出旅游可能在两个层次上实现旅游作为人文主义的实践教化的功能:即促进人的"整体生命体验"和"共同伦理"两个方面。人文主义视角下的旅游功能是从目的论的角度来思考的:旅游对于个体生命的意义来说,应该是实现由客观物返回其生命性和提高人性以及普遍伦理的一种教化实践。这是对旅游功能的反思,也是对原来旅游功能认识的超越。文章最后指出,只有在更深层次认识旅游功能的基础上,才有可能实现"更负责任的旅游"和"好的旅游"。
The function of tourism has been one of the important parts of tourism research. Previous research mainly focus on the variety of consequences of tourism brought by tourism industry and tourism activities. Nevertheless, there is yet not enough attention paid to the study of tourism on its impact on tourists. The article first differentiates the different approaches to the study of tourism function, namely scientific approach and humanistic one, with the former emphasizing the rule and impact of tourism industry development and the later addressing the impact of tourism on human experience and existence. This article adopts Gadamer＇s humanistic perspective and the concept of‘Bildung＇to interpret the role of tourism on personal development. It puts forward that tourism is a kind of‘practical Bildung＂which emphases the practice wisdom（phronesis） and tourism may achieve enlightenment and realize＂Bildung＂from two aspects： promoting ones＇ whole life experience and common ethics. Experience is corresponding to two German words ＂Erfahrung＂ and ＂Erlebnis＂.Erlebnis means to live and is the core of human practice and human studies. The article proposes that tourism, as a practical activity, can help to promote the personal growth and self-cultivation. The traveling experience absorbs the mass of material offered to tourist by the world around him or her and by his or her inner existence, that leads to the road to reshape oneself, raise one＇s‘Lebendigkeit＇（human nature） and promote common sense and ethics towards society. By deepening the understanding of the role of tourism, the paper argues that, in particular by adopting the perspective and practice of humanism, can tourism better realize its goal of‘good tourism＇and‘thoughtful tourism＇.
作者
马凌
朱竑
MA Ling;ZHU Hong(School of Geographical Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;Research Center for Human Geography and Urban Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期14-23,共10页
Tourism Tribune
基金
国家旅游局面上项目"旅游的功能与作用再认识研究:基于人文主义的视角"(16TAAG012)
教育部人文社科青年基金项目"知识型人才流动与城市吸引力研究:一个生活机遇的视角"(16YJC63008)资助~~
关键词
旅游功能
人文主义
教化
体验
人的存在
tourism function
humanism
Bildung
tourist experience
human existence
