摘要
目的探讨婴儿支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)相关危险因素,并提出相应的预防措施。方法采用前瞻性横断面的研究设计,纳入自2015年4月1日至2016年12月31日在首都医科大学大兴教学医院儿科因喘息、咳嗽、气促、胸闷就诊的年龄小于1岁的患儿328名。根据患儿的病历资料将其分为哮喘和非哮喘组。计算该患儿群体哮喘的患病率,通过Logistic回归方程筛选相关的危险因素。结果在所纳入的328名患儿中,有126名(38.4%)患儿被诊断为哮喘,其中男性86名(68.3%),哮喘首次发作的年龄为5.23±1.89个月,有72名(57.1%)患儿在生后6个月内就被诊断为哮喘,哮喘发作超过3次的患儿有69名(54.8%)。肺炎、抗生素或糖皮质激素暴露、感冒、父或母患有哮喘或过敏、男性、非母乳喂养为婴儿哮喘的危险因素(OR=1.25~7.39,均P<0.05)。结论在该患儿群体中哮喘的患病率较高,基于研究确定的相关危险因素,建议父母尽量给予婴儿母乳喂养,并努力避免婴儿呼吸道感染的发生。
Objective To explore the risk factors for bronchial asthma（also named asthma）and provide some preventive measures.Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was performed for this study.Totally 328 infants under 1 year of age visiting Capital Medical University Daxing Teaching Hospital from April 1,2015 to December 31,2016 for wheeze,cough,anhelation or chest distress were divided into an asthma group and non-asthma group.Prevalence was calculated and logistic regression analyses were used to screen risk factors.Results Of 328 infants,126（38.4%）had a history of asthma and 86（68.3%）were boys.The first onset of asthma occurred at 5.23±1.89 months of age and the first onset occurring within the first 6 months of life was found in72（57.1%）infants.Sixty-nine（54.8%）infants had three or more episodes.Factors associated with asthma in general were pneumonia,antibiotics and corticosteroid,cold,parents having history of asthma or allergies,male,and no breastfeeding（OR value ranged 1.25-7.39,all P〈0.05）.Conclusion The prevalence of asthma in the studied population is high.The risk factors indicate that mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed and to keep infants out of respiratory tract infection.
作者
孙立平
王助衡
底建辉
张铮
高翠敏
SUN Li-ping;WANG Zhu-heng;DI Jian-hui;ZHANG Zheng;GAO Cui-min(Capital Medical University Daxing Teaching Hospital, Beijing 102600, China)
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2018年第6期792-795,共4页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
基金
北京市大兴区人民医院资助项目(2016016)
关键词
婴儿
支气管哮喘
患病率
危险因素
infants
bronchial asthma
prevalence
risk factors
