摘要
天然水体中氨氮含量较低,当水体养殖密度过大或外源的氨氮排入时,导致水体氨氮含量升高,对鱼类造成不良影响。在一定范围内,鱼类通过转化体内的氨为谷氨酰胺和尿素、减少体内氨的产生、增加NH_3的挥发和NH_4^+的排放缓解氨毒,但不同鱼类缓解氨毒的能力不同。本文综述了氨氮的来源、存在形式、影响毒性的因素、致毒机制及鱼类缓解氨毒的策略,为提高鱼类缓解氨氮胁迫的能力和健康养殖提供参考。
In natural water, the content of ammonia always is kept in a low level. However, the ammonia content in water will be elevated, even excessive and will cause a series of adverse effects on fish survival when the density of aquaculture is too large or the outside ammonia is discharged into the water. Within a certain range, fish can convert ammonia into glutamine and urea, reducing ammonia production in vivo, and increase NH3 volatilization and NH4^＋ emissions to ease ammonia toxicity, but the ability to alleviate ammonia poisoning will be varied with fish species and size. The ammonia sources, existence form, factors affecting toxicity, toxic mechanism and detoxification strategy of fish are reviewed to provide reference to improve the ability of fish to alleviate ammonia toxicity and healthy farming.
作者
付莹
赵玉蓉
FU Ying;ZHAO Yu-rong(Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第3期49-54,共6页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31470132)
湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(14JJ4039)
湖南省发改委试验项目([2013]766)
关键词
氨氮
鱼类
氨毒
ammonia
fish
ammonia toxicity
