摘要
目的了解凉山地区HIV感染者/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗服药依从性现状及漏服药物的原因,并探讨其影响因素。方法通过两阶段抽样的方式抽取研究对象,采用自行设计的一般情况量表及美国社区艾滋病临床研究抗逆转录病毒药物自陈表进行问卷调查。一般资料和服药情况采用频数和构成比进行描述,影响因素分析采用卡方检验和Logistic回归分析。结果共纳入267例HIV/AIDS患者,其中237例服药依从性良好(88.76%)。漏服药物的前3大原因分别是外出(20.97%)、忘记吃药(19.35%)和不想让他人知道自己在吃药(17.74%);最常漏服药物的时间是夜晚(37.78%)。卡方检验显示,不同民族、不同地区、有和无症状的患者服药依从性之间存在差异(P<0.05);Logistic回归显示,彝族患者(OR=4.202)、无症状者(OR=3.372)服药依从性更好。结论凉山地区HIV感染者/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性整体水平良好,但仍有提升空间。针对漏服药物的原因及影响因素,应继续向大众普及艾滋病的知识,加强抗病毒治疗的宣传教育,倡导使用提醒服药的方法,提高患者症状管理的能力,以维持和进一步提高服药依从性。
Objective To exam the adherence of ART among HIV/AIDS patients in Liangshan Region and explore related factors. Methods Patients receiving ART were included by two-stage sampling,the Antiretroviral Medication Self-Report questionnaire was used to evaluate the adherence of ART. The frequencies and constituent ratios were used for descriptive analysis,Chi-square test and Logistic analysis were used to explore the associated factors. Results Of the 276 patients included,237 showed good ART adherence. The most commonly selected barriers to adherence were ＂being away from home＂（ 20. 97%）,＂forgetting to take drugs＂（ 19. 35%） and ＂not wanting others to know＂（ 17. 74%）; the most common time to skip medication was night（ 37. 78%）. Chi-square test showed the ART adherence differed in different peoples and different regions and between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients（ P〈0. 05）; Logistic regression analysis showed that the adherence was better in Yi patients（ OR = 4. 202） and asymptomatic patients（ OR = 3. 372）.Conclusion The ART adherence among HIV/AIDS patients is good,but there is still a room for improvement.According to the reasons and associated factors,continued spreading AIDS knowledge to the public,strengthening the publicity and education of ART,applying methods to remind the medication and improving symptom management skills may be useful for improving ART adherence.
作者
聂岸柳
陈红
NIE Anliu;CHEN Hong(West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610040, Sichuan Province, China.)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2018年第6期811-816,共6页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
