摘要
掌握滇池流域土壤侵蚀的空间分布规律和演变趋势对优化水土保持措施、开展滇池水污染治理和保障流域可持续发展具有重要意义。该文以降雨量、土壤、DEM和遥感影像为数据源,运用RS、GIS技术,结合土壤侵蚀模型计算滇池流域1999—2014年每隔3 a的土壤侵蚀量,分析流域土壤侵蚀强度的时空演变特征。结果表明,无明显侵蚀区域面积在15 a间呈上升趋势,占比从1999年的70%上升为2014年的82%,说明流域土壤侵蚀状况逐渐好转;1999—2014年期间滇池流域土壤侵蚀面积呈逐年下降趋势,1999年侵蚀面积最大,为776 km2,到2014年下降到为468 km2;土壤侵蚀强度等级转移矩阵显示15 a间近75%区域侵蚀强度保持不变,其中以微度侵蚀为主,有18.23%的区域侵蚀强度降低,8.36%的区域强度上升;空间变化上,侵蚀强度降低的区域主要集中于环滇池的入湖河流一带,侵蚀强度上升区域主要为流域东、南、北端海拔较高的山区。该研究有助于分析滇池流域土壤侵蚀在空间上的演变过程,为提出精准的侵蚀防治措施提供决策依据,为流域生态环境保护提供参考。
It is of great importance to control the spatial distribution pattern and evolution tendency of soil erosion in the Dianchi Basin for optimizing soil and water conservation measures, conducting water pollution control of Dianchi Lake and ensuring the basin＇s sustainable development. In this study, the amount of soil erosion in the Dianchi Lake basin between 1999 and 2014 has been calculated every 3 years by applying RS and GIS techniques in combination with a soil erosion model （USLE） based on the data source of precipitation, soil, DEM and remote sensing images, for the purpose of analyzing the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of the basin＇s soil erosion intensity. The results indicated that： 1） The USLE model showed a high simulation accuracy for the erosion amount with the relative error was ≥18.16% and R2≥0.996; 2） The area with no apparent erosion increased from 70% in1999 to 82% in 2014, while there was a year-by-year downtrend for the soil erosion area, with the erosion area in 1999 was 776 km2and decreased to 468 km2in 2014, which showed that soil erosion in the Dianchi Basin has been effectively controlled; 3） There were remarkable characteristics for the spatial evolution trend of basin＇s erosion intensity： the erosion intensity in 75% or so of the basin did not change, and was spatially concentrated in the main urban area of Kunming City, the downtown of Jinning County and the area of Xinjie Town; 18.23% of the basin showed a decline in the level of erosion intensity, mainly concentrated in the streams around Dianchi lake and flowing into the lake;8.36% of the basin showed a rise in the level of erosion intensity, mostly distributed in the mountainous terrains at the east, north and south ends of the Dianchi Basin; 4） The erosion intensity level diverting matrix showed that a relatively small change rate and a relatively high preservation rate in tiny erosion; the rate of high erosion levels shifting to low erosion levels was higher than that of low erosion levels sh
作者
彭双云
杨昆
洪亮
许泉立
黄雅君
Peng Shuangyun;Yang Kun;Hong Liang;Xu Quanli;Huang Yajun(School of Tourism and Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China;School of Information Science and Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China;GIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China of Ministry of Education, Kunming 650500, China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第10期138-146,305,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41561068
41661082
41461038)
