摘要
以番茄为试材,采用田间试验的方法,研究了设施条件下膜下暗灌(G1)、膜下滴灌(G2)、隔沟交替灌溉(G3)和普通沟灌(G4)4种灌水方式对番茄植株产量、品质、土壤养分状况及地温的影响。结果表明:不同灌水方式下番茄产量、还原糖含量、总酸含量、糖/酸比、维生素C含量和可溶性固性物含量差异不显著。与空气温度相比,不同灌水方式地下15 cm处土壤日均温度均有所提高,在气温低的情况下尤为明显;与隔沟交替灌溉(G3)相比,其它3个灌溉处理均显著提高地下15 cm处土壤日均温度,平均增幅为2℃。隔沟交替灌溉(G3)土壤有机质含量为27.1 mg·kg-1,显著高于其它灌水方式。膜下滴灌和隔沟交替灌溉显著降低了矿质态氮淋溶。综上可见,膜下滴灌和隔沟交替灌溉在不降低产量和品质的前提下,降低土壤硝态氮淋溶,为设施番茄适宜的灌水方式。
A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different irrigation methods on tomato quality,soil nutrient and soil temperature under plastic greenhouse.Four irrigation methods were set,respectively,for furrow irrigation under mulch （G1）,drip irrigation under mulch （G2）,alternative furrow irrigation （G3） and common furrow irrigation （G4）.The results showed that there was no significant difference in tomato yield,reducing sugar content,total acid content,sugar/acid ratio,vitamin C content and soluble solids content of tomato among different irrigation methods.Compared with the air temperature,the daily average temperature of soil at 15 cm underground under different irrigation methods was improved,especially in the case of low air temperature.Compared with G3,the other three irrigation methods significantly improved the daily average temperature of soil at 15 cm underground by 2 ℃.Soil organic matter content in G3 （27.1 mg·kg-1） was significantly higher than other irrigation methods.The mineral nitrogen leaching was significantly reduced in G2 and G3.Therefore,we concluded that drip irrigation under mulch and alternative furrow irrigation methods were suitable for tomato cultivation in facilities.
作者
赵伟
唐磊
杨圆圆
张锋
杨兆森
陈志杰
ZHAO Wei;TANG Lei;YANG Yuanyuan;ZHANG Feng;YANG Zhaosen;CHEN Zhijie(Weinan Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000;Shaanxi Institute of Biological Agriculture, Xi＇an, Shaanxi 710043)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第9期133-138,共6页
Northern Horticulture
基金
国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAD14B00)
陕西省科学院重点及产业化资助项目(2013K-03)
渭南市2016年科技计划资助项目(2016KYN-18)
关键词
灌水方式
设施番茄
品质
地温
土壤电导率
irrigation methods
facilities tomato
quality
soil temperature
soil electrical conductivity
