摘要
本研究以天山北坡蒿类荒漠为研究对象,采用野外调查取样的方法,探讨不同区域荒漠围栏内外群落特征和物种多样性对禁牧的响应规律,分析禁牧对生态系统稳定性的影响。结果表明,1)禁牧能改变荒漠植被功能群结构,禁牧后不同生态经济类群群落盖度和生物量分别上升40.2%~57.0%和44.4%~81.0%;2)荒漠群落物种多样性指数对短期禁牧的响应较小,但从区域上看,玛纳斯荒漠放牧区Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数比博乐和奇台显著高16.7%~20.0%,而禁牧区Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数高了8.6%~17.7%;3)短期禁牧有利于荒漠群落稳定性的维持,且稳定性可能与禁牧年限和生态环境的变化均有一定的关系。因此,短期禁牧能显著提高荒漠草地生产力,有利于群落物种多样性和群落稳定性的维持。
The aim of this study was to explore the response of community characteristics and plant diversity,in deserts in different regions,to grazing exclusion（GE）,and to analyze the effects of GE on community stability.The research was carried out in the Artemisia desert on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains,where the community characteristics were measured and studied.The results showed that 1）GE altered the functional group structure of the desert community in different regions and that community coverage and biomass after GE increased significantly by 40.2%~57.0% and 44.4%~81.0%;2）the response of the desert plant diversity indexes to short-term GE were weak,however,the Patrick and Shannon-Wiener indexes of the grazed area in the Manasi desert were significantly higher by 16.7~20.0% than in Qitai and Bole,and the Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indexes of the GE area were significantly higher by 8.6% ~17.7%;3）shortterm GE can maintain the stability of desert communities,and the stability is related to GE times and ecological factors.Therefore,short-term GE can significantly improve desert grassland productivity,and maintain vegetation diversity and community stability.
作者
董乙强
孙宗玖
安沙舟
阿依敏.波拉提
杨娇
李坤
Dong Yi-qiang;Sun Zong-jiu;An Sha-zhou;Ayimin·Bolati;Yang Jiao;Li Kun(College of Pratacultural and Environmental Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, Chin)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2018年第5期996-1003,共8页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家重点研发计划"科技基础资源调查"专项课题"塔里木-准噶尔盆地荒漠主要植物群落调查(2017FY100201)"
新疆自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2017062)
关键词
禁牧
蒿类荒漠
植被特征
物种多样性
稳定性
grazing exclusion
Artemisia desert
vegetation characteristic
plant diversity
stability
