摘要
目的煤矿工人长期在高湿度的环境下作业,会对其身体和心理健康产生影响。本次调研意在统计总结湿度对井下工人身体健康与心理健康的影响,为煤矿单位提出相应的防治策略与依据。方法采用对煤矿井下工人现场调查问卷与井下生产作业场所温湿度检测相结合的方式,于2017年5—7月对河北省某煤矿集团11个矿井22个工作面468人进行了现场问卷调研与工作面温湿度检测。结果河北省某煤矿集团11个矿井22个工作面的检测点温度在22~32℃之间,相对湿度在85%~90%的生产工作面有12个,占总体的54.5%;相对湿度在90%以上的生产工作面有10个,占总体45.5%。调查结果显示,所有工作面的作业人员湿度感觉都觉得很湿,热舒适性都为很不舒服,甚至部分觉得难以忍受,而热感觉较少为中性或温暖,大部分为比较热或非常热。作业工人存在不同程度健康问题,健康状况令人担忧。结论作业工人根据调查结果统计显示由于在高湿度环境下长时间工作,存在精神紧张、怠倦、焦虑、无精打采、关节背部疼痛等身心不良状况,由于高湿度对井下工人身心健康有较大影响,建议在符合安全管理规定要求下合理增强井下工作面通风、降温除湿、增加换洗衣物、保证身体干爽,从而达到减少湿度对煤矿作业工人身心健康的影响。
[Objective]Long-term working in a high humidity environment has an impact on coal miners＇ physical and mental health. The purpose of this survey is to sum up the influence of humidity on the physical health and mental health of underground workers, and put forward the corresponding prevention strategies and basis for coal mining units. [Methods] By the combination of on-site questionnaires in underground coal mine workers and temperature and humidity detection in underground working places, 468 workers and 22 working surfaces in 11 mines of a coal mine group in Hebei Province were investigated from May to July. [Results] The temperature levels of 22 working surfaces in 11 mines were between 22 ℃ and 32 ℃. There were 12 working surfaces with the relative humidity of 85%-90%, accounting for 54.5%, and 10 working surfaces with the relative humidity over90%, accounting for 45.5%. The survey results showed that all the workers felt very wet in humidity sensation investigation, and very uncomfortable in thermal comfort investigation, and even some workers felt unbearable, while few workers felt moderate or warm in thermal sensation but most of them felt hot or very hot. The workers had different health problems, and their health was worrying.[Conclusion] The investigation results showed that the workers have tension, anxiety, fatigue, slouch, pain in the back and the joint and other health problems due to long time working under high humidity environment. Because high humidity has a greater impact on the physical and mental health of mine workers, it is necessary to enhance the ventilation in underground working face in accordance with safety management requirements, improve cooling and dehumidification, and increase the clothes and keep the body dry, to reduce the influence of humidity on coal mine workers＇ physical and mental health.
作者
王鹏
WANG Peng(Testing Room, Beijing Prevention and Treatment Hospital of Occupational Disease for Chemical Industry, Beijing, 100093, China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第7期872-875,883,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
湿度
工人
身心健康
煤矿
Humidity
Workers
Physical and mental health
Coal mine
