摘要
目的分析新疆墨玉县结核病疫情的流行特点和发病趋势,为制定有效的防控措施提供依据。方法收集结核病管理信息系统中2012─2016年新疆墨玉县结核病相关基础资料,用EXCEL 2010汇总数据,以SPSS 22.0软件对疾病的三间分布进行描述性分析。结果 2012─2016年墨玉县报告结核病病例6 475例,年均发病率254.70/10万,其中涂阳病例1 557例,年均发病率61.05/10万、占报告病例总数的24.05%,涂阴4 918例,年均发病率193.45/10万、占75.95%,发病率涂阳病例明显低于涂阴病例;男性(224.12/10万)低于女性(286.43/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ2=178.29,P<0.05);以50岁以上中老年人为主(5 376例、占83.03%),农民最多(5 921例、占91.44%),冬春季高发(4 031例、占62.25%);芒来乡发病率最高(320.97/10万)、其乃巴格街道最低(45.90/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ2=349.87,P<0.05);报告发病数(6 475例)比登记发病数(5 346例)多出了1 129例。结论墨玉县各年度结核病发病率总体呈平稳趋势,发病形势依然严峻;因部分病人经济困难、缺乏肺结核病防治知识、自我保健意识淡薄和难以完成规范治疗均造成发病率居高,因此控制农村肺结核病疫情是今后防治工作的重点。
Objective To analyze the characteristics and trend of tuberculosis epidemic in Moyu county, Xinjiang and provide evidence for development of effective prevention and control measures. Methods The basic information of tuberculosis in Moyu during 2012—2016 was collected from tuberculosis management information system. EXCEL 2010 and SPSS22.0 were used for descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results There were 6 475 TB cases reported in Moyu county with average incidence of 254.70/100 000 during 2012—2016. All 1 557 cases were sputum smear positive with average annual incidence of 61.05/100 000, and accounted for 24.05%. Total 4 918 cases were sputum smear negative with the average annual incidence of 193.45/100 000 and accounted for 75.95%. The incidence was lower in the smear positive cases than in the smear negative cases, and lower in the male（224.12/100 000） than in the female（286.43/100 000）, with statistical difference（χ~2=178.29, P0.05）. Most cases were famers（5 921, 91.44%） and in the people over 50 year-old（5 376, 83.03%）. There was higher incidence in winter and spring（4 031, 62.25%）. The incidence was the highest in township Manglai（320.97/100 000）,and lowest in Naibage sub-district（45.90/100 000）, with significant difference（χ~2=349.87, P0.05）. There were 6 475 cases reported, 17.44% more than the cases registered（5 346）. Conclusions As a whole, the yearly incidences of tuberculosis tends to be steady. The epidemic is still severe in Moyu county due to poor household economy, short of knowledge of tuberculosis prevention, poor awareness of self care and difficulty of standardized treatment in part of the cases. The key point of tuberculosis prevention is to control the epidemic of pulmonary tuberculosis in countryside.
作者
阿斯木古丽.阿布来提
王峰
地里夏提.萨里
图妮莎古丽.阿布不都外力
努尔加玛力.艾尼瓦尔
王希江
Asimuguli ABULAITT;WANG Feng;Dilixiati SAL;Tunishaguli ABUDUWAILI;Nuerjiamali AINIWAER;WANG Xi-jiang(Xinjiang FieM Epidemiology Training Program, Urumqi Xinjiang 830002, China/ Karamay Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, Chin)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2018年第2期27-30,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
结核病
发病率
疫情分布
Tuberculosis
Incidence
Epidemic distribution
