摘要
动物伦理源于生态伦理学。以"生态伦理"或"生态道德"的视角研究人与动物的相互关系,是关于人与动物关系的伦理信念、道德态度和行为规范的理论体系,强调人类要善待动物、尊重动物以及合理地利用动物。司各特·莫马迪(N.Scott Momaday)是美国印第安吉尔瓦人的后裔,是普利策小说奖获得者,他的主要作品如《通向阴雨山的道路》(The Way to Rainy Mountain)、《日诞之地》(House Made of Dawn)、《远古的孩子》(The Ancient Child)等主要关注印第安吉尔瓦等民族的历史、宗教信仰、种族认同、生态伦理等问题。其中动物伦理主题是其作品的显著特征之一,如"人与动物互惠共生"、将动物视作"非人类的人"等,这些理念主要通过宗教神学伦理体现在其作品中,表现在以下几方面:崇尚动物的图腾、神话与宗教;崇尚动物的狩猎习俗;众生一体的神圣关联等。莫马迪作品中所蕴含的动物伦理观具有较强的时代意义和现实价值,对现代生态文明构建有一定的启迪和反思,比如树立生态整体主义观,创造一个"自然——人——社会"的动态平衡、和谐共生、互荣互利的审美理想世界等。
Animal ethics originates from ecological ethics, which explores the relationship between human and animals from the perspective of ecological ethic, or ecological morality. As a theoretical system of the ethic beliefs, moral attitudes and behavioral norms of the relationship between human and animals, it emphasizes that human being should be kind to animals, respect them and make good use of them rationally. N. Scott Momaday, a descendant of Kiowa tribe of native America and a winner of Pulitzer Prize for fiction, paid close attention to the history, belief, ethnic identity, eco-ethics of Kiowa people in his major works such as The Way to Rainy Mountain, House Made of Dawn, The Ancient Child, etc.. Animal ethics is one of the major themes of the works of Momaday, such as the interdependence between human and animals and taking animals as other-than-human persons and so on. The themes were presented from the following aspects of religious theological ethics： animal totems, myths and religions, hunting conventions, and unity of all living beings. Animal Ethics in the works of N. Scott Momaday is of practical significance of the times, enlightening for the modem civilization progress as follows： establishing ecoholism, and pursuing an ideal and harmonious world with dynamic balance between nature, human and society in which they are interdependent with shared benefits.
出处
《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2018年第1期16-23,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
陕西省教育厅科研计划项目"莫马迪小说的生态审美意蕴研究"(17JK0971)
关键词
司各特·莫马迪
印第安神话
动物伦理观
众生一律
生态文明
生态整体主义
N. Scott Momaday
Indian myth
animal ethic conception
unity of all living beings
ecologicalcivilization
ecological holism
