摘要
目的：探究急诊科护士工作场所攻击事件调查及对心理应激的影响。方法：对2014年2月-2016年12月在本院急诊科工作的护士进行调查,获取有效问卷调查表100份,统计分析该组护士在职期间遭受的攻击性事件,根据是否在工作场所经历攻击事件分为两组（经历攻击性事件护士为观察组,未经历护士为对照组）,进一步分析攻击事件对护士心理应激的影响。结果：工作场所攻击事件发生率为58.00%。急诊科护士在工作场所主要可能经历的攻击事件有故意损坏财物、辱骂、恐吓、性骚扰、语言性骚扰以及躯体攻击,其中语言性骚扰占32.76%,比例最高,其次为辱骂（25.86%）,性骚扰少见;而导致上述攻击性事件发生的主要原因在于患者/家属对护理服务不满意,约39.66%,其次为候诊时间过长和未达患者要求,此外,患者处于醉酒状态、特殊药物的作用、患者精神异常、意识模糊以及医疗费用过高和抢救无效患者死亡也可造成攻击事件的发生。分析攻击事件对护士心理应激的影响可见,观察组闯入性反应、高警觉以及回避反应评分和事件影响量表（IES-R）总分均显著高于对照组（t=14.473,9.178,9.729,6.596;P〈0.05）;方差分析结果显示,护士在遭受3种或4种攻击时IES-R评分显著高于遭受1种攻击事件及未遭受攻击事件的护士。结论：急诊科护士极易造成各种攻击事件,且容易对护士心理应激造成不良影响,随着经历攻击事件类型的增加不良影响加重。
Objective：To investigate attack events of nurses in emergency department and its influence on psychological stress.Methods：Nurses who worked in emergency department of our hospital during February 2014 to December 2016 were investigated,100 effective questionnaires were obtained later,the attack events of nurses on duty were analyzed statistically,the nurses were divided into two groups according to whether they were attacked in the workplace（nurses with attack experience were selected as the observation group,while nurses without attack experience were chosen as the control group）,and further analysis of impact of the attack on psychological stress of nurses was taken.Results：The workplace attack rate was 58.00%.Attack events happened in workplace to nurses in emergency department were mainly intentional damage to property,abuse,intimidation,sexual harassment,language harassment and body attacks,language harassment accounted for 32.76%,which was the highest proportion,followed by abuse（25.86%）,sexual harassment was rare;The main causes of attack events were dissatisfaction from patients and their families for nursing service,about 39.66%,such as long waiting time and failed to reach patients＇ requirements,in addition,patients in a drunk state,with special drugs and mental disorders,confusion,high medical expenses and death due to invalid rescue were all causes of attacks.The analysis of attacks on psychological stress of nurses showed,scores of intrusive reaction,high vigilance,avoidance response and IES-R score of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group（t=14.473,9.178,9.729,6.596;P〈0.05）;The results of variance analysis showed that IES-R score of nurses suffered 3 or 4 attacks was significantly higher than that nurses suffered 1 or zero attack.Conclusion：Nurses in emergency department are likely to suffer all kinds of attacks,which may leave adverse effects on psychological stress of nurses,The more types of attacks,the worse the adverse effects.
作者
周雅静
ZHOU Yajing(Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2018年第3期392-395,共4页
China Journal of Health Psychology
关键词
急诊科护士
攻击事件
心理应激
事件影响量表
Nurses in emergency department
Attack events
Psychological stress
IES- R
