摘要
揭示新疆小麦改良品种与地方品种在主要农艺性状相关基因上的遗传变异对进一步改良和利用新疆育成品种具有重要意义。本研究利用52个功能标记对136份新疆小麦改良品种和地方品种分析发现,与适应性相关的矮秆等位变异Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b、半冬性生长习性相关等位变异Vrn-D1b、T1BL·1RS易位系,与品质相关的高脂肪氧化酶活性等位变异Ta Lox-B1a、低多酚氧化酶活性等位变异Ppo-D1a、低黄色素含量等位变异Psy-A1b以及与高粒重等位变异Hap-H(Ta Sus-2B)仅分布在改良品种中,而且光周期不敏感等位变异Ppd-D1a(77.6%)、优质麦谷蛋白亚基Dx5+Dy10(35.4%)和硬质等位变异Pin-D1b(25.0%),以及高千粒重等位变异Ta Cwi-A1a(63.3%)、Hap-4A-T(Tacwi-4A)(33.8%)、Hap-5D-C(Ta CWI-5D)(93.7%)、Hap-2(Ta GS1a)(77.9%)、Ta GS-D1a(78.5%)、Ta GS5-A1b(50.0%)和Ta TGW6-A1a(92.1%)在改良品种中分布频率明显高于地方品种。大部分优异等位变异分布频率随着育种时期的推进呈现不连续性上升趋势。在适应性与品质相关基因方面,春性改良品种的优异等位变异频率高于冬性改良品种。功能标记分析显示改良品种的遗传多样性高于地方品种。136份新疆小麦资源被聚为改良品种和地方品种两类,改良品种被进一步聚为冬性和春性两类,说明新疆改良品种与地方品种间存在明显的遗传差异。本研究鉴定的优异等位基因和等位基因组合为进一步改良新疆小麦品种提供了重要信息。
Illuminating genetic variations in theimproved cultivars and landraces of wheat from Xinjiangis important for further improvement of wheat in this region. In this study, 52 functional markers were used to examine 136 Xinjiang wheat accessions. Compared with the improved cultivars, the semi-dwarfingalleles Rht-B1band Rht-D1b,facultative allele Vrn-D1b, T1BL·1RS translocation, TaLox-B1a allele for high lipoxynase activity, Ppo-D1a allele for lower polyphenol oxidase activity, Psy-A1b allele for low yellow pigment content and Hap-H （TaSus-2B） allele for high kernel weight were absent in the landraces. Furthermore, the frequencies of photoperiod insensitivity allele Ppd-D1a （77.6%）, strong gluten subunits Dx5＋Dy10（35.4%）, Pin-D1ballele （25.0%） for hard grain texture, and TaCwi-A1a （63.3%）, Hap-4A-T （Tacwi-4A） （33.8%）, Hap-5D-C （TaCWI-5D） （93.7%）, Hap-2 （TaGS1a） （77.9%）, TaGS-D1a （78.5%）, TaGS5-A1b （50.0%）, and TaTGW6-A1a （92.1%） alleles associated with high kernel weight were higher in the improved cultivars than in the landraces. The frequencies of most favorable alleles displayed a discontinuously increasing trend over breeding periods. As for the favorable alleles associated with adapt ability and quality, the spring cultivars had higher frequencies than the winter cultivars. Analysis of the functional markers showed that the improved cultivars had higher genetic diversity than the landraces. Based on the principle component analysis, the wheat accessions were clustered into two groups： improved cultivars and landraces, and the improved cultivars were further divided into two groups of winter and spring cultivars. There were significant genetic differences between the improved cultivars and the landraces. The favorable alleles and allele combinations identified in this study provide important information for further improvement of wheat cultivars in Xinjiang.
作者
简大为
周阳
刘宏伟
杨丽
买春艳
于立强
韩新年
张宏军
李洪杰
JIAN Da-Wei;ZHOU Yang;LIU Hong-Wei;YANG Li;MAI Chun-Yan;YU Li-Qiang;HAN Xin-Nian;ZHANG Hong-Jun;LI Hong-Jie(Institute of Agricultural Science, the Fourth Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China;Institute of Crop Sciences / National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;Xinxiang Innovation Center for Breeding Technology of Dwarf-male-sterile Wheat, Xinxiang 453731, Henan, China;Zhaoxian Experiment Station, ShijiazhuangAcademy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Zhaoxian 515300, Hebei, China;Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期657-671,共15页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31771881
31401468)
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101000
2016YFD0101600
2016YFD0101004
2016YFD0100102)资助~~
关键词
小麦
新疆
功能标记
农艺性状
遗传变异
Triticum aestivum
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
functional marker
agronomic traits
genetic variation
