摘要
通过对苜蓿打捆密度(50、100、150、200kg·m^(-3))、打捆含水量(14%~16%、19%~21%、24%~26%、29%~31%)和防霉剂添加量(0%、1%、2%、3%)3个因素开展研究,筛选苜蓿草捆最佳的贮藏方式,为我国优质苜蓿干草生产提供理论基础。对苜蓿打捆的3个因素设计正交试验,不同处理苜蓿草捆在贮藏360d后,对其营养物质、饲用价值和体外消化特性3个方面综合研究,确定出苜蓿草捆的最适贮藏条件。试验一:通过不同试验处理对苜蓿干草营养影响试验,从营养成分和饲用价值综合考虑,处理A_(10)(打捆密度100kg·m^(-3),打捆含水量24%~26%,CaO添加量3%)、A_(12)(打捆密度200kg·m^(-3),打捆含水量24%~26%,CaO添加量1%)、A_(14)(打捆密度100kg·m^(-3),打捆含水量29%~31%,CaO添加量2%)和A_(15)(打捆密度150kg·m^(-3),打捆含水量29%~31%,CaO添加量1%)在贮藏360d的苜蓿草捆各项营养指标损失相对较少,其饲用价值也相对较高。试验二:通过试验一筛选出的4个较优处理,以A1(打捆密度50kg·m^(-3),打捆含水量14%~16%,CaO添加量0)和A16(打捆密度200kg·m^(-3),打捆含水量29%~31%,CaO添加量0)为对照。通过不同试验处理苜蓿干草体外消化试验,在体外培养48h过程中,处理A14的产气量最高为53.13mL,显著高于对照(P<0.05);A_(14)的体外培养液在各个时间点的pH都低于其他处理,其pH平均值最低为6.64;A_(14)的总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量最高为61.05mol·L^(-1),极显著高于其他各个处理(P<0.01);A_(14)的粗蛋白(CP)和干物质(DM)的降解率最高,分别为81.21%和66.84%,极显著高于其他处理(P<0.01)。从营养物质、饲用价值和体外消化特性综合考虑,苜蓿干草在高水分(29%~31%)、中密度(100kg·m^(-3))打捆,并添加2%的氧化钙防霉剂,在贮藏过程中营养保存最完好,饲用价值最高,体外消化特性最好。
The effect of bale density（50 kg·m^（-3）,100 kg·m^（-3）,150 kg·m^（-3）,200 kg·m^（-3））,moisture content（14%-16%,19%-21%,24%-26%,29%-31%）and addition of CaO（0%,1%,2%,3%）to alfalfa hay bales were assessed to help identify the optimum conditions for storage of alfalfa hay bales.Nutrient content,feed value and invitrodigestibility of alfalfa bales stored for 360 days were analyzed using an orthogonal experimental design with three factors to determine optimum storage conditions.Experiment 1：The nutritional composition and feeding value,through different experimental treatments of the effect on alfalfa hay nutrition was initially assessed;treatments A_（10）（density 100 kg·m^（-3）,moisture content 24%-26% and fungicide 3%）,A_（12）（density 200 kg·m^（-3）,moisture content 24%-26% and fungicide 1%）,A14（density 100 kg·m^（-3）,moisture content 29%-31% and fungicide 2%）and A15（density 150 kg·m^（-3）,moisture content 29%-31% and fungicide 1%）resulted in relatively small dry matter（DM）losses with high feed value after 360 days.Experiment 2：The four best treatments were screened with A_1（density 50 kg·m^（-3）,moisture content 14%-16%and fungicide 0）and A_（16）（density 150 kg·m^（-3）,moisture content 29%-31% and fungicide 0）were used as controls.In vitro digestion was also assessed.The results showed that treatment A_（14） had the highest gas production rate of 53.13 mL,significantly higher than the control treatments（P0.05）.The pH of A_（14） bales was lower than other treatments at all times,with a mean pH of 6.64.The highest TVFA content of 61.05 mol·L^（-1） occurred in A_（14）,significantly higher than other treatments（P0.01）.Degradation losses for crude protein and DM were 81.21%and 66.84%respectively,significantly higher than other treatments（P0.01）.Consideration of nutritional composition,feeding value and in vitro digestibility revealed that alfalfa hay with relatively high moisture（29%-31%）,medium den
作者
成启明
格根图
尹强
刘丽英
范文强
降晓伟
卢强
包健
贾玉山
CHENG Qi-ming;GE Gen-tu;YIN Qiang;LIU Li-ying;FAN Wen-qiang;JIANG Xiao-wei;LU Qiang;BAG Jian;JIA Yu-shan(College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation , Processing and High ES/icient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot 010019, China;Institute of Grassland Re search, CAAS, Hohhot 010010, China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期190-200,共11页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然基金面上项目(31572461)
地区科学基金项目(31360585)资助
关键词
苜蓿草捆
防霉剂
饲用价值
体外消化
alfalfa bale
fungicide
feeding value
in vitro digestion
