摘要
选取藏东南6条不同发生年限的泥石流沟,以时空替代法,分析不同年限泥石流沟沉积区植被演替物种多样性特征,揭示藏东南泥石流沉积区植被演替过程中物种多样性的变化特点。结果表明:演替过程中,物种丰富;先锋种的出现与海拔有一定的关系,2 700~3 000 m海拔,乔木先锋种为藏川杨,灌木先锋种为鸡骨柴和高丛珍珠梅,草本植物为苔草;3 300~3 600 m海拔,乔木先锋种为糙皮桦,灌木先锋种为云南锦鸡儿和高丛珍珠梅,草本植物为西南草莓;随着演替的进行,植被群落趋于稳定,物种的丰富度指数和Shannon-wiener多样性指数呈先增高后降低的趋势;演替初期植被群落物种丰富度一般表现为草本层>灌木层>乔木层;灌木层、草本层物种多样性水平随时间有所降低,优势度、均匀度一般表现为乔木层>灌木层>草本层。对于该区泥石流沉积区植被群落的恢复,应遵循各个泥石流沉积区特殊的环境小气候,做到因地制宜,使泥石流沉积区得到迅速的治理。
According to the analysis made on the diversity of the species in the succession process of the vegetations around six debris flow gullies of different ages in Southeastern Tibet with the space-time substitution method to reveal the change in the diversity,there is a variety of vegetations and abundant species in the succession process.Pioneer species emerge subject to the altitude to some extent.In the 2 700-3 000 m range of altitude,pioneer tree species mainly include Populus szechuanica var.tibetica;pioneer shrub species include Elsholtzia fruticosa and Sorbaria arborea;Carex spp.are herbaceous plants;In the 3 300-3 600 m range of altitude,pioneer tree species mainly include Etula albo-sinensis var.septentrionalis;pioneer shrub species include Caragana franchetiana and Sorbaria arborea;Fragaria moupinensisis a herbaceous plant;with the succession,the vegetation community tends to be stable,but the richness（Ma）and the shannon-wiener（H）of the species fluctuate from high to low;during the early stage of succession,after the most abundant herb species,shrub-layer species are more abundant than the tree-layer species.When the diversity of the herb and shrub-layer species declines after a certain period,the coverage and uniformity of the tree-layer species is better than that of the shrub-layer species superiorto that of the herb species.To recover the vegetation community around the region and rapidly govern the debris flow gullies,we should consider the particular environmental microclimate of the gullies and take appropriate measures.
作者
万丹
梁博
喻武
聂晓刚
赵薇
WAN Dan;LIANG Bo;YU Wu;NIE Xiaogang;ZHAO Wei(College of Resource and Environment;Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation in Alpine-cold Rregion, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College, Nyingchi 860000, Tibet, China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期68-74,共7页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
中农合作项目(2017ZN03)
国家自然科学基金项目(41461063)
关键词
藏东南
泥石流
群落演替
物种多样性
southeast Tibet
debris flow
community succession
species diversity
