摘要
目的分析小儿尿路结石患儿的性别、年龄分布，结石部位及结石成分。
方法选取因尿路结石来医院行手术治疗的患儿90例为研究对象，根据儿童的生长发育特点，将90例患儿分为婴幼儿组（0～3岁）55例，学龄前组（4～6岁）23例，学龄组（7～12岁）12例。采用红外光谱分析并结合化学方法，对小儿尿路结石的性别、年龄分布，结石部位及结石成分进行统计分析。
结果小儿尿路结石发病人群中，男性发病人数多于女性（7∶2），且患儿年龄越小，这种趋势越明显；三组患儿上尿路结石的发病率均高于下尿路结石的发病率，且差异有统计学意义（χ2＝33.136，P〈0.01）。右侧尿路结石45例明显高于左侧尿路结石25例，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝4.519，P〈0.05）。所有尿路结石中含草酸钙成分56例，含磷酸钙成分29例，含感染类成分12例，含胱氨酸成分8例，含其他类成分2例。结石含草酸钙成分者最多，其后依次为磷酸钙成分和尿酸类成分。所有尿路结石中单一类成分结石40例，其中单纯草酸钙结石24例；混合成分类结石50例。
结论小儿尿路结石主要发生于男性患儿，发病部位主要为上尿路结石，结石主要成分为草酸钙。
ObjectiveTo analyze the sex and age distribution, the location of stone and the composition of stones of urinary calculi in children.
MethodsNinety children with urinary urinary stones were treated by operation in hospital were selected as study subjects. According to the characteristics of s growth and development of children, they were divided into infant group （0-3 years old） of 55 cases, preschool group （4-6 years old） of 23 cases, and school age group （7-12 years old） of 12 cases.The sex and age distribution, the location of stone and the composition of stones of urinary calculi in children were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and chemical method.
ResultsAmong the children with urinary calculi, the number of males was more than that of women （7： 2）, and the younger the children was, the more obvious the trend was; the incidence of upper urinary calculi in the three groups was higher than the incidence of lower urinary calculi, and the difference was significant （χ2=33.136, P〈0.01）. There were 45 cases of right urinary calculi, which was significantly higher than that of the left urinary tract stone （25 cases）, and the difference was significant （χ2=4.519, P〈0.05）. Calcium oxalate was found in 56 cases of urinary calculi, 29 cases of calcium phosphate and 12 cases of infection, 8 cases of cystine contains, other components of 2 cases. Calcium oxalate was the most common ingredient in the stone, followed by calcium phosphate and uric acid. In all urinary calculi, there were 40 cases of single component stones. Among the all urinary calculi, there were 40 cases of single component stones, of which 24 cases were simple calcium oxalate stones and 50 cases were mixed into classified calculi.
ConclusionsUrinary calculi in children mainly occur in male children, the main part of the disease is upper urinary calculi, and calcium oxalate is the main component of the stone.
作者
王军卿
张雁钢
米磊
王力
张江涛
Wang Junqing;Zhang Yan＇ gang;Mi Lei;Wang Li;Zhang Jiangtao(Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China （ Wang JQ , Zhang YG;Department of Urology, Changzhi People＇s Hospital, Changzhi 046000, China（ Wang JQ, Mi L, Wang L, Zhang J)
出处
《中国实用医刊》
2018年第6期86-89,共4页
Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine
关键词
小儿尿路结石
结石部位
结石成分
草酸钙
Urinary calculi in children
Stone site
Calculus composition
Calcium oxalate
