摘要
赤霉素3-β-双氧化酶(GA3ox)是赤霉素(GA)生物合成过程中的关键酶之一,直接作用于活性GA的生成,在植物的生长发育过程中发挥着重要作用。GA3ox已在拟南芥、烟草、高粱和杨树等多种植物中得到克隆,在植物个体的不同生长阶段、不同组织中GA3ox的表达量均存在着差异,这主要是由物种内在的遗传因素所决定的,同时环境因子和外源激素处理对GA3ox表达也有着显著的影响。通过对基因突变体的研究,揭示出GA3ox突变导致GA的生物合成受阻而间接影响植物的生长,导致植物茎秆、花、种子、果、根等部位性状的改变,包括植株矮化、结籽困难等。过量表达GA3ox基因促进GA的生成,诱导细胞的分裂与分化,促进根尖的径向伸长、种子萌发等。主要从GA3ox的基因克隆与表达模式及其功能效应两方面综述了其在高等植物中研究进展,通过对GA3ox在不同植物中的相关功能研究,探讨其在植物生长发育过程中的具体作用,以期为了解GA3ox对植物生长发育的调控机制提供参考,也有助于在生产实践中更好地利用GA3ox开展基因工程研究,定向培育植物新品种。
As one of key enzymes involved in gibberellin synthesis,gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase（GA3 ox）is directly acting onthe formation of active GAs,and plays a vital role in the growth and development of plants. In this paper,we reviewed the advances on thecloning and expression pattern of GA3 ox gene,as well as the functional effects in the study of higher plants. GA3 ox gene has been cloned fromArabidopsis,tobacco,sorghum,poplar and other plants. In the different growth stages of plants and in different tissues,the expressions ofGA3 ox gene varied,which mainly resulted from the genetic factors of a species,and meanwhile,were affected by the environmental factorsand exogenous hormones. Studies on mutants of GA3 ox revealed that the gene mutations hindered the GA biosynthesis and thus indirectlyaffected the growth of plant,resulted in the phenotype changes of plant stalk,flowers,seeds,fruit and roots,including plant dwarf andseeding difficulties. Overexpression of GA3 ox promoted the production of GA,such as the induction of cell division and differentiation,theradial elongation of root tip,and seed germination. Here studying the relevant functions of GA3 ox in different plants and discussing its rolein plant growth and development is aimed to provide reference for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of GA3 ox on plant growth anddevelopment,and to better use the GA3 ox in genetic engineering research for directly breeding of new plant varieties in practice.
作者
杨意宏
徐浩
陈段芬
高志民
YANG Yi-hong;XU Hao;HEN Duan-fen;GAO Zhi-min(College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001;State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102)
出处
《生物技术通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期18-22,共5页
Biotechnology Bulletin
基金
"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划项目(2015BAD04B01)
关键词
赤霉素3-β-双氧化酶基因
基因表达
功能分析
gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase gene
gene expression pattern
function analysis
