摘要
目的了解深圳市某街道疑似职业病的发病情况及特点,为制订职业病防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用判断抽样方法以103039例接触噪声、苯系物、粉尘工人及256例疑似职业病为研究对象,收集职业健康检查资料并进行统计分析。结果 2012-2016年疑似职业性噪声聋、疑似职业性苯中毒和疑似尘肺分别检出125例、117例、14例,检出率分别为3.2‰、2.6‰、0.7‰;男性工人的疑似职业性噪声聋检出率高于女性,女性工人的疑似职业性苯中毒检出率高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同年龄组和工龄组的疑似职业性噪声聋检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同年龄组的疑似职业性苯中毒检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);疑似职业病主要发生在28~48岁年龄段。结论疑似职业病发病与工人的性别、年龄、工龄有关,预防职业病的发生需要政府部门加强监督管理、职业病防治机构提供技术指导、企业落实主体责任以及工人积极参与。
Objective To understand the incidence and characteristics of suspected occupational diseases in a street of Shenzhen,in order to provide scientific basis for the development of occupational disease prevention and control measures. Methods A judgement sampling method was adopted to select 103 039 noise-exposed workers,benzene-exposed workers,dust-exposed workers and 256 suspected occupational diseases cases as the study subjects,the data of workers＇ occupational medical examination was collected and analyzed. Results 125 cases of suspected occupational deafness,117 cases of suspected occupational benzene poisoning and 14 cases of suspected pneumoconiosis were detected from 2012 to 2016. The detection rates were 3.2‰,2.6‰,0.7‰. The suspected occupational deafness detection rate of male workers was higher than that of female workers; The suspected occupational benzene poisoning detection rate of female workers was higher than that of male workers,the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of suspected occupational deafness in different age groups and working length groups（P〈0.01）. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of suspected occupational benzene poisoning in different age groups（P 0.01）. The suspected occupational diseases were occur mainly in the age of 28-48. Conclusion The suspected occupational disease is related to workers＇ gender,age and working length. In order to prevent and control the occurrence of occupational disease, government departments need to strengthen supervision and management,occupational disease prevention and control institutions need to provide technical guidance,enterprises need to implement the main responsibility and workers need to actively participate.
作者
邱奕冰
邱星元
边寰锋
余新天
林伟涛
张素丽
QIU Yi-bing;QIU Xing-yuan;BIAN Huan-feng;YU Xin-tian;LIN Wei-tao;ZHANG Su-li(Occupational Health Department, Baoan District Shajing Institute for Disease Prevention and Health Care of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Guangdong Province 518104, China)
出处
《中国城乡企业卫生》
2018年第3期89-92,共4页
Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene
基金
2017年深圳市宝安区医疗卫生基础研究项目(2017JD025)
关键词
职业健康检查
疑似职业病
性别
年龄
工龄
Occupational medical examination
Suspected occupational disease
Gender
Age
Working length
