摘要
目的了解上海市三级和二级医院婴幼儿喘息急性发作期的门诊治疗情况。方法采用简单随机抽样的方法，选取2015年2月至5月在上海地区2家三级医院（新华医院、上海儿童医学中心）和2家二级医院（普陀区人民医院、仁和医院）儿科门诊就诊的喘息患儿为研究对象，对患儿家长及主治医师进行标准化的问卷调查，调查婴幼儿喘息急性发作期的门诊治疗情况。所有数据采用SPSS 20.0软件进行分析，计数资料主要描述频数分布、构成比、百分率，不同组别率的比较采用χ^2检验。结果本次调查共收到有效问卷264例，其中男166例，女98例。抗生素治疗病例占调查病例总数的94.7%（250/264例），经静脉抗生素治疗病例占67.0%（177/264例）；雾化吸入治疗病例占62.1%（164/264例），吸入药物主要包括糖皮质激素和短效β2肾上腺素能受体激动剂；全身性糖皮质激素治疗患儿占52.3%（138/264例），其中经静脉糖皮质激素治疗患儿占43.2%（114/264例）；全身β2肾上腺素能受体激动剂、抗白三烯药物及抗组胺药物治疗患儿分别占83.0%（219/264例）、30.3%（80/264例）及41.3%（109/264例）。伴呼吸道感染的206例患儿中，抗生素治疗患儿占98.5%（203/206例）；不伴呼吸道感染的58例患儿中，抗生素治疗患儿占84.5%（49/58例），二者比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝20.6，P〈0.01）。有特应性体质背景的患儿共200例，其中抗组胺药物治疗患儿占42.5%（85/200例），抗白三烯药物治疗患儿占34.0%（68/200例）；无特应性体质背景的患儿共64例，其中抗组胺药物治疗患儿占37.5%（24/64例），抗白三烯药物治疗患儿占18.8%（12/64例）。有特应性体质背景患儿抗白三烯药物使用比例显著高于无特应性体质背景患儿，二者比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2＝5.34，P〈0.05）。除抗组胺药物外，上述各治疗药物使用
Objective To investigate the treatment of infant wheezing during acute phase in the pediatric out- patient departments of two tertiary hospitals and two secondary hospitals in Shanghai. Methods Simple random sampling method was adopted. Standardized questionnaires were given to the parents and physicians of infants who suffered wheezing during the acute phase to survey the treatment methods in the pediatric outpatient departments of two tertiary hospitals （Xinhua Hospital,Shanghai Children＇s Medical Center）and two secondary hospitals （Putuo District People＇s Hospital, Renhe Hospital） from February to May 2015 in Shanghai area. All data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 software. The enumeration data were used to describe the frequency distribution, composition ratio, and the rates among different groups were compared by the χ^2 test. Results The survey questionnaires were withdraw from 264 cases, of which 166 were boys and 98 were girls. In the treatment of acute exacerbation, the rate of antibiotic use was 94.7% （250/264 cases）, in which 67.0% （ 177/264 cases） were intravenous drugs ; 62.1% （ 164/264 cases ） patients were using inhaled glueocorticoid and short - acting beta - agonists as the main drugs for treatment ; the ratio of systemic glueocortieoid using was 52.3% （138/264 cases）,and the ratio of intravenous method was 43.2% （114/264 cases） among the cases. The usage ratio of systemic beta - agonist, anti - leukotrienes and antihistamines were 83.0% （ 219/ 264 cases） ,30.3% （80/264 cases） and 41.3 % （ 109/264 cases）, respectively. Of the 206 cases with respiratory infection, the rate of antibiotics use reached 98.5% （203/206 cases）, and among the 58 cases without respiratory infec- tion, and the rate of antibiotics use acounted to 84.5% （49/58 cases）. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant （χ^2= 20.6, P 〈 0.01 ）. There were 200 cases of children with atopic physique background, of whom,42.5% （85/200 cases） were trea
作者
李莉
刘海沛
鲍一笑
钱继红
陈虹
Li Li,Liu Haipei,Bao Yixiao,Qian Jihong,Chen Hong(1Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China ;2 Department of Pediatrics, Putuo District People＇ s Hospital, Shanghai 200060, China ;3Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Children＇s Medical Center, Shanghai Ever Better Children＇s Hospital, Shanghai 200136,China ;4Department of Pediatrics,North Hospital of Shanghai Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201907, Chin)
出处
《中华实用儿科临床杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期368-372,共5页
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
基金
上海市科学技术委员会医学引导类（西医）科技支撑项目（16411962400）
关键词
婴幼儿
喘息
急性期
治疗
Infant
Wheezing
Acute phase
Treatment
