摘要
为提高梨园水分利用率和梨果实品质,2016年3—11月在河北工程大学现代农业示范培训基地以4年生‘黄冠’梨为试材进行田间试验,研究小定额灌溉对梨园土壤含水量、梨树新梢生长量、产量与果实品质、根系分布与数量的影响。结果表明:不同小定额灌溉方式间灌溉区土壤含水量差异显著,沟灌土壤含水量显著高于树盘畦灌和滴灌,平均质量含水量为15.33%,其梨树的新梢生长量也为最大,达到42.25 cm;沟灌产量最高,单果重显著高于滴灌和树盘畦灌;沟灌果实维生素C含量显著高于滴灌和树盘畦灌,滴灌果实糖酸比显著大于沟灌和树盘畦灌,沟灌果实的可溶性固形物含量显著高于滴灌和树盘畦灌;沟灌处理下,梨树吸收根的数量显著高于树盘畦灌和滴灌,分别是它们的3.6倍和2.4倍。综合来看,沟灌是梨园最适宜的小定额灌溉方式。
To improve water utilization rate and pear quality, a field experiment was conducted in the Base ofModern Agriculture Demonstration Training of Hebei University of Engineering from March to November 2016 with 4 years old‘Huangguan＇pear trees as the materials. The effects of small quota irrigation on soil watercontent, shoot growth, yield and fruit quality, root number and distribution were studied. The results showedthat the soil moisture of different small quota irrigations were different significantly. The soil water content offurrow irrigation was significantly higher than that of border irrigation and drip irrigation, and the average soilquality water content of furrow was 15.33%. Furrow irrigation has the biggest new shoot growth, which was42.25 cm, and the yield and the weight of single fruit were the biggest among the three methods. The fruitvitamin C content of furrow irrigation was significantly higher than that of border irrigation and drip irrigation.The fruit sugar-acid ratio of drip irrigation was significantly higher than that of border irrigation and furrowirrigation. The soluble solids content and the absorbing root number of furrow irrigation were significantlyhigher than those of border irrigation and drip irrigation. The absorbing root number of furrow irrigation was 3.6 times that of border irrigation and 2.4 times that of drip irrigation. In a word, furrow irrigation is the mostappropriate small quota irrigation method in pear orchard.
作者
段鹏伟
曹晨星
程福厚
Duan Pengwei, Cao Chenxing, Cheng Fuhou(College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Enginneerring, Handan Hebei 05600)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第4期55-59,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然基金"多尺度典型果树蒸腾耗水实验研究及尺度转换"(31370459)
"冀南密植梨优质高效关键技术研究与示范"(1702485)
河北省现代农业科技奖励性后补助资金项目"冀南梨
核桃需水规律及高效用水技术集成与示范后补助"(16927632H)
关键词
梨
小定额
灌溉方式
产量
品质
pear
small quota
irrigation method
yield
quality
