摘要
旨在分析探究规模化猪场舍内颗粒物、氨气和二氧化碳的排放分布特点。试验选取了江苏省靖江市一个半封闭式现代化猪场作为试验猪场,分别监测了保育、育肥舍不同位置（南、北、前、后、外）和不同高度（0.5、1.0及1.5 m）的颗粒物（TSP、PM10、PM2.5）与NH3和CO2浓度、温度、相对湿度、光照强度以及风速等。每个舍连续监测3 d,监测时间段为07：00-19：00,每2 h监测一次,全天监测7次。结果显示：猪场舍内颗粒物与有害气体浓度随着舍内湿帘、风机开启与否及猪体的运动情况呈现出规律性的变化;喂料与风机开启阶段,颗粒物浓度呈现升高和降低的相反趋势;舍内TSP浓度及NH3浓度分别最高达到0.822 mg/m3和12.01 mg/m3。猪舍内中部位置的TSP及NH3、CO2浓度均显著性高于四周靠窗位置（P〈0.05）;猪场舍内颗粒物（TSP和PM10）显著高于舍外（P〈0.05）。研究表明：半封闭式猪场舍内颗粒物与NH3和CO2呈规律性变化,通风量、温湿度及猪体的活动量等均会影响猪舍内颗粒物及NH3和CO2的浓度,舍外空气质量明显好于养殖舍内。
A pig farm in Jingjiang City,Jiangsu Province was chosen as an experimental site to analyze the distribution of particulate matters and noxious gases in semi-closed swine houses. The concentrations of the particulate matters TSP,PM10 and PM2. 5,the noxious gases NH3 and CO2,temperature,relative humidity,light intensity and wind speed were detected in houses of different positions： in the south,north,front,back and outside of the farm） and of different heights： 0. 5 m,1. 0 m and 1. 5 m. The monitoring of each house lasted 3 days from 07： 00 to 19： 00 at an interval of 2 hours（ totally 7 times per day）. The results showed that the concentrations of particulate matters and noxious gases in the swine houses presented regular changes with the opening of the wet curtains,the turning-on of the fans and the movement of the swine. The concentrations of the particulate matters increased during feeding and decreased when the fans were working. The concentrations of TSP and NH3 peaked at 0. 822 mg/m3 and 12. 01 mg/m3 respectively in the swine houses（ P〈0. 05）. The concentrations of TSP,NH3 and CO2 were significantly higher at the central positions of the houses than at the positons near the windows（ P〈0. 05）. The concentrations of particulate matters TSP and PM10 was significantly higher in the houses than outside（ P〈0. 05）. In conclusion,the contents of particulate matters NH3 and CO2 in the semi-closed swine houses changed regularly,and the factors of ventilation volume,temperature and humidity and activity of swine had effects on the concentrations of particulate matters and noxious gases in swine houses.
出处
《畜牧与兽医》
北大核心
2018年第3期30-38,共9页
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0500505)
国家自然科学基金(31772648)
2017年江苏省研究生实践创新计划
关键词
半封闭式猪场
颗粒物
氨气
二氧化碳
分布规律
semi-enclosed swine house
particulate matter
ammonia
carbon dioxide
distribution
